医学生学业倦怠研究进展

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210331-00437

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 医学生中学业倦怠现象较为普遍。本文综述了国内外研究中医学生学业倦怠的检出率和分布特征,影响医学生学业倦怠的学习、心理、生理等个体因素和家庭、学校、社会等环境因素,以及医学生学业倦怠的心理干预和其他干预方法。最后,本文从大样本调查、发展过程研究、有效干预和预防研究等方面提出了未来我国医学生学业倦怠研究的建议。

关键词: 医学生, 学业倦怠, 影响因素, 心理干预

Abstract: Academic burnout is a common phenomenon among medical students. This paper summarizes the detection rate and distribution characteristics of academic burnout of medical students in China and in other countries, the factors of learners' side like learning attitude, psychological and physiological situation and environmental factors including family, school and social factors. This paper also summarizes psychology and other intervention methods for academic burnout of medical students. Finally, some suggestions are put forward on the future research of academic burnout of medical students in China, such as large sample survey, development process investigation, effective intervention and prevention.

Key words: Medical student, Academic burnout, Influencing factor, Psychological intervention

中图分类号:

薛博文, 骆宏, 胡治国. 医学生学业倦怠研究进展[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2021, 41(9): 793-798.

Xue Bowen, Luo Hong, Hu Zhiguo. Research progress on academic burnout of medical students[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education, 2021, 41(9): 793-798.

参考文献

[1]陈家胜. 学习倦怠研究现状及展望[J]. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2016,24(6):939-943. DOI: 10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2016.06.039.
[2]Fang DZ, Young CB, Golshan S, et al. Burnout in premedical undergraduate students[J]. Acad Psychiatry, 2012,36(1):11-16. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ap.10080125.
[3]Mazurkiewicz R, Korenstein D, Fallar R, et al. The prevalence and correlations of medical student burnout in the pre-clinical years: a cross-sectional study[J]. Psychol Health Med, 2012,17(2):188-195. DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2011.597770.
[4]Jordan RK, Shah SS, Desai H, et al. Variation of stress levels, burnout, and resilience throughout the academic year in first-year medical students[J]. PLoS One, 2020,15(10):e0240667. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240667.
[5]Sharififard F, Nourozi K, Hosseini M, et al. Related factors with academic burnout in nursing and paramedics students of Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2014 [J]. J Nurs Educ, 2014, 3(3): 59-68.
[6]Azimi H, Shams J, Sohrabi MR, et al. The frequency of academic burnout and related factors among medical students at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, in 2016 [J]. Social Determinants of Health, 2016, 2(1): 21-28. DOI:10.22037/sdh.v2i1.15498.
[7]Choi J, Son SL, Kim SH, et al. The prevalence of burnout and the related factors among some medical students in Korea [J]. Korean J Med Educ, 2015, 27(4): 301-308. DOI:10.3946/kjme.2015.27.4.301.
[8]El-Masry R, Ghreiz SM, Helal RM, et al. Perceived stress and burnout among medical students during the clinical period of their education [J]. Ibnosina J Med BS, 2013, 5(4): 179-187.DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.210543.
[9]魏誉民,莫红平,黄利荣,等. 八年制临床医学专业学生学习倦怠特点研究[J]. 中华医学教育杂志,2016,36(3):381-384.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2016.03.016.
[10]翟景花, 杨海霞, 宋爱芹, 等. 医学生学习倦怠现状及其影响因素 [J]. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2014, 22(8): 1255-1257.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2014.08.052.
[11]朱扬,鲍冲,张兆辉.医学生学习倦怠与学习成绩现状及其关系的研究[J].中华医学教育杂志,2012,32(4):536-538.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2012.04.021.
[12]卢柳衡. 广西医科院校本科大学生学习倦怠现状与对策研究[D].南宁:广西医科大学,2018.
[13]杨黎, 罗胜荣, 苏爱华. 在校本科护生学业倦怠现状及影响因素的调查研究 [J]. 中国高等医学教育, 2014(1): 5-6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2014.01.003.
[14]严诗玉. 护理专业学生学习倦怠现状及影响因素研究 [D]. 广州:广州医科大学, 2019.
[15]于少杰, 凌春光, 孙秀娥, 等. 医学生学习倦怠、专业承诺和心理资本的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2019,27(6):932-935.DOI: 10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2019.06.033.
[16]李璐, 孟勇, 李超凡. 医学生学习倦怠与父母教养方式的相关研究 [J]. 新乡医学院学报, 2014, 31(8): 652-654. DOI:10.7683/xxyxyxb.2014.08.019.
[17]Backovic DV, Zivojinovic JI, Maksimovic J, et al. Gender differences in academic stress and burnout among medical students in final years of education[J]. Psychiatr Danub, 2012,24(2):175-181.
[18]Fares J, Saadeddin Z, Al Tabosh H, et al. Extracurricular activities associated with stress and burnout in preclinical medical students[J]. J Epidemiol Glob Health, 2016,6(3):177-185. DOI: 10.1016/j.jegh.2015.10.003.
[19]Muzafar Y, Khan HH, Ashraf H, et al. Burnout and its associated factors in medical students of Lahore, Pakistan[J]. Cureus, 2015,7(11):e390. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.390.
[20]张意. 医学生学习信念对学习倦怠的影响研究 [D]. 长春:吉林大学, 2020.
[21]Lee KP, Yeung N, Wong C, et al. Prevalence of medical students' burnout and its associated demographics and lifestyle factors in Hong Kong [J]. PLoS One, 2020, 15(7): e0235154. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0235154.
[22]涂鸽. 医学类大学生学习倦怠现状及其影响因素研究 [D]. 苏州:苏州大学, 2016.
[23]孙红梅, 张丽萍, 温子栋. 医学生学习倦怠和社会支持的关系——学业自我效能感的中介效应 [J]. 中医教育, 2013, 32(3): 55-57,63. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-305X.2013.03.509.
[24]Atalayin C, Balkis M, Tezel H, et al. The prevalence and consequences of burnout on a group of preclinical dental students [J]. Eur J Dent, 2015, 9(3): 356-363. DOI:10.4103/1305-7456.163227.
[25]Asayesh H, Sharififard F, Mosavi M, et al. Correlation among academic stress, academic burnout, and academic performance in nursing and paramedic students of Qom University of Medical Sciences, Iran [J]. Qom Univ Med Sci J, 2016, 10(7): 74-83.
[26]Rahmatpour P, Chehrzad M, Ghanbari A, et al. Academic burnout as an educational complication and promotion barrier among undergraduate students: a cross-sectional study [J]. J Educ Health Promot, 2019, 8:201. DOI:10.4103/jehp.jehp_165_19.
[27]Chun KH. Relationship between academic burnout of medical and graduate students and related variables [J]. Korean J Med Educ, 2014, 16(2): 77-87. DOI:110.17496/kmer.2014.16.2.077.
[28]Lapinski J , Yost M , Sexton P , et al. Factors modifying burnout in osteopathic medical students[J]. Acad Psychiatry, 2016, 40(1):55-62.DOI:10.1007/s40596-015-0375-0.
[29]Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Harper W, et al. The learning environment and medical student burnout: a multicentre study [J]. Med Educ, 2009, 43(3): 274-282. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03282.x.
[30]Popa-Velea O, Diaconescu L, Mihăilescu A, et al. Burnout and its relationships with alexithymia,stress, and social support among Romanian medical students: a cross-sectional study[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2017,14(6):560.DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14060560.
[31]Zaregar M, Ebrahimipour H, Shaabani Y, et al. The relationship between motivation and academic burnout among students of Health School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences[J]. Dev Strat in Med Educ, 2017, 4(1): 40-50.
[32]Sharififard F, Asayesh H, Nourozi K, et al. The relationship between motivation and academic burnout in nursing and paramedical students of Qom University of Medical Sciences, Iran [J]. Qom Univ Med Sci J,2016, 9 (12) :72-78.
[33]Pagnin D, De Queiroz V, De Oliveira Filho MA, et al. Burnout and career choice motivation in medical students[J]. Med Teach, 2013,35(5):388-394. DOI: 10.3109/0142159X.2013.769673.
[34]Yu JH, Chae SJ, Chang KH. The relationship among self-efficacy, perfectionism and academic burnout in medical school students [J]. Korean J Med Educ, 2016, 28(1): 49-55.DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2016.9.
[35]Chae H, Cloninger CR, Lee SJ. Effects of personality on the developmental trajectories of academic burnout among Korean medical students [J]. PeerJ, 2020, 8: e10362. DOI:10.7717/peerj.10362.
[36]Lee SJ, Choi YJ, Chae H. The effects of personality traits on academic burnout in Korean medical students [J]. Integr Med Res, 2017, 6(2): 207-213. DOI:10.1016/j.imr.2017.03.005.
[37]Dahlin ME, Runeson B. Burnout and psychiatric morbidity among medical students entering clinical training: a three year prospective questionnaire and interview-based study[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2007,7:6. DOI: 10.1186/1472-6920-7-6.
[38]Costa EF, Santos SA, Santos AT, et al. Burnout syndrome and associated factors among medical students: a cross-sectional study[J]. Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2012,67(6):573-580. DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2012(06)05.
[39]Ríos-Risquez MI, García-Izquierdo M, Sabuco-Tebar EL, et al. An exploratory study of the relationship between resilience, academic burnout and psychological health in nursing students[J]. Contemp Nurse, 2016,52(4):430-439. DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2016.1213648.
[40]Chae SJ, Jeong SM, Chung YS. The mediating effect of calling on the relationship between medical school students' academic burnout and empathy [J]. Korean J Med Educ, 2017, 29(3): 165-173.DOI:10.3946/kjme.2017.62.
[41]Palupi R , Findyartini A. The relationship between gender and coping mechanisms with burnout events in first-year medical students [J]. Korean J Med Educ, 2019, 31(4): 331-342 .DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2019.143.
[42]张冰, 成思哲, 张亚娟, 等. 医学生手机成瘾和学业倦怠状况分析——自我控制的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志, 2019, 27(3):435-438.DOI: 10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2019.03.030.
[43]Khosravi M, Mirbahaadin M, Kasaeiyan R. Understanding the influence of high novelty-seeking on academic burnout: moderating effect of physical activity[J]. Eur J Transl Myol, 2020,30(2):318-324. DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2019.8722.
[44]Arbabisarjou A, Hashemi SM, Sharif MR, et al. The relationship between sleep quality and social intimacy, and academic burn-out in students of medical sciences[J]. Glob J Health Sci, 2015,8(5):231-238. DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n5p231.
[45]陈洪岩, 元帅, 王金祥. 医学院校大学生学习倦怠及相关因素探析 [J]. 新乡医学院学报, 2011, 28(6): 708-710.
[46]Wang Q, Wang L, Shi M, et al. Empathy, burnout, life satisfaction, correlations and associated socio-demographic factors among Chinese undergraduate medical students: an exploratory cross-sectional study[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2019,19(1):341. DOI: 10.1186/s12909-019-1788-3.
[47]Hou YM, Liang RM. The relationship between medical students' family cohesion, adaptation and learning burnout: the mediating effect of psychological resilience//Zhizhang Wang,Kingsley Okoro. Proceedings of the 2017 International Seminar on Social Science and Humanities Research (SSHR 2017), Surabaya, 2017. Paris: Atlantis Press, 2017:60-66.
[48]Dyrbye LN, Power DV, Massie FS, et al. Factors associated with resilience to and recovery from burnout: a prospective, multi institutional study of US medical students [J]. Med Educ, 2010, 44(10): 1016-1026. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03754.x.
[49]Mahmoudi F, Mahmoudi A, Shahraki HR, et al. Relationship between academic burnout and economic and social factors with life expectancy in students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences [J]. Int Trans J Eng Manag Appl Sci Technol, 2019, 10(2): 193-201. DOI:10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.19.
[50]Seo JH, Kim HJ, Kim BJ, et al. Educational and relational stressors associated with burnout in Korean medical students [J]. Psychiatry Investig, 2015, 12(4): 451-458. DOI:10.4306/pi.2015.12.4.451.
[51]Barbosa ML, Ferreira B, Vargas TN, et al. Burnout prevalence and associated factors among Brazilian medical students [J]. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health, 2018, 14: 188-195. DOI:10.2174/1745017901814010188.
[52]Lyndon MP, Henning MA, Alyami H, et al. The impact of a revised curriculum on academic motivation, burnout, and quality of life among medical students [J]. J Med Educ Curric Dev, 2017, 4:2382120517721901. DOI:10.1177/2382120517721901.
[53]Pereira H, Fernandes M, Costa V, et al. Burnout in Portuguese medical students: Coping strategies as a mediating variable [J]. J Community Med Health Educ, 2014, 4(4):1-6. DOI:10.4172/2161-0711.1000306.
[54]Ahmad FA , Karimi AA , Alboloushi NA, et al. Stress level of dental and medical students: comparison of effects of a subjectbased curriculum versus a case based integrated curriculum [J]. J Dent Educ, 2017, 81(5): 534-544. DOI:10.21815/JDE.016.026.
[55]Sarcheshmeh SG , Asgari F , Chehrzad MM, et al. Investigating the relationship between academic burnout and educational factors among students of Guilan University of Medical Sciences [J]. AIMS Med Sci, 2019, 6(3): 230-238. DOI:10.3934/medsci.2019.3.230.
[56]Palamara K, Kauffman C, Stone VE, et al. Promoting success: a professional development coaching program for interns in medicine [J]. J Grad Med Educ, 2015, 7(4): 630-637.DOI:10.4300/JGME-D-14-00791.1.
[57]van der Riet P, Levett-Jones T, Aquino-Russell C. The effectiveness of mindfulness meditation for nurses and nursing students: an integrated literature review [J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2018, 65: 201-211. DOI:10.1016/j.nedt.2018.03.018.
[58]Hikmah M, Japar M, Sunawan S. Improving control beliefs and reducing academic burnout using cognitive behavioral therapy group counseling with cognitive restructuring technique [J]. Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling,2020,9(3):138-144. DOI:10.15294/JUBK.V9I3.41099.
[59]Ghorbani E, Zahrakar K, Mohsenzadeh F. The effectiveness of rational emotive behavior therapy-based education in students' academic burnout and buoyancy [J]. Psychol Educ, 2020, 57(2): 95-100. DOI:10.17762/pae.v57i2.16.
[60]Thompson G , McBride RB , Hosford CC, et al. Resilience among medical students: the role of coping style and social support [J]. Teach Learn Med, 2016, 28(2): 174-182. DOI:10.1080/10401334.2016.1146611.
[61]Dias M , Vellarde GC , Olej B, et al. Effects of electroacupuncture on stress-related symptoms in medical students: a randomised placebo-controlled study [J]. Acupunct Med, 2014, 32(1): 4-11.DOI:10.1136/acupmed-2013-010408.
[62]Slavin SJ , Schindler DL , Chibnall JT. Medical student mental health 3.0: improving student wellness through curricular changes [J]. Acad Med,2014, 89(4):573-577. DOI:10.1097/ACM.0000000000000166.
[63]Jordan J , Watcha D , Cassella C, et al. Impact of a mentorship program on medical student burnout [J]. AEM Educ Train, 2019, 3(3):218-225. DOI:10.1002/aet2.10354.