Abstract: Objective To construct and implement an evaluation system for medical functional experiment reports based on the primary trait analysis (PTA) scale, and to inform the scientific evaluation of experimental teaching. Methods A preliminary evaluation framework was developed through literature analysis. Indicators were screened via two rounds of Delphi expert consultation involving 23 experts, and indicator weights were determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Experimental reports from 27 students enrolled in the 2022 cohort of the five-year clinical medicine program at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were used as the evaluation sample. The reports were assessed using both the PTA scale method (PTA group) and the traditional method (control group), and the application effects were compared. Results The effective questionnaire recovery rate for both rounds of expert consultation was 100.0%. The expert authority coefficients were 0.86 and 0.92, and Kendall's coefficients of concordance were 0.265 and 0.334 (all P<0.001), respectively. The final evaluation system comprised 3 first-level indicators (Basic Experimental Ability, Scientific Thinking, Academic Norms), 8 second-level indicators, and 21 third-level indicators. Empirical research showed that theinterquartile range (IQR) of scores in the PTA group was greater than that in the control group, enabling better differentiation of students' ability levels and identification of their weaknesses. Conclusions The PTA scale-based evaluation system for medical functional experiment reports is both scientific and practical. It aligns with the teaching orientation of formative evaluation and provides a paradigm for the precision evaluation reform of medical experimental teaching.

Key words: Delphi technique, Experimental reports, Primary trait analysis, Evaluation system, Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)