The enlightenment from the spaced learning model for medical education in foreign countries

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20211202-01480

Abstract

Abstract: Spaced learning is an effective teaching method that promotes long-term preservation of knowledge and technology of medical science. This paper presents the development of spaced learning, its medical application and predicaments in foreign countries; and suggests to expand its application in China's medical education system through standardizing its definition, exploring the best spaced learning methods for all majors and levels, multi-dimensional evaluation of learning outcomes focusing on the long-term effects, and integrating humanistic knowledge into medical education in the way of spaced learning, so as to support a persistent development of health-care service in China.

Key words: Education, medical, Spaced learning, Foreign country, Enlightenment, Teaching method

CLC Number:

Chen Bing, Huang Yan, Huang He. The enlightenment from the spaced learning model for medical education in foreign countries[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education, 2022, 42(6): 573-576.

References

[1] Yeung J, Djarv T, Hsieh MJ, et al. Spaced learning versus massed learning in resuscitation - a systematic review[J]. Resuscitation, 2020,156:61-71. DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.08.132.
[2] Kerfoot BP, Baker HE, Koch MO, et al. Randomized, controlled trial of spaced education to urology residents in the United States and Canada[J]. J Urol, 2007,177(4):1481-1487. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2006.11.074.
[3] Dabiri S, Mohammadi A, Mojtahedzadeh R. The effect of test-enhanced spaced learning on the otolaryngology board and annual examination results: a quasi-experimental study[J]. J Adv Med Educ Prof, 2019,7(3):131-137. DOI: 10.30476/JAMP.2019.74696.
[4] Gandhi M, Beasley A, Vinas E, et al. Electronic learning-spaced education to facilitate resident knowledge and guide program didactics[J]. Obstet Gynecol, 2016,128 Suppl 1:23S-26S. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001576.
[5] Versteeg M, Hendriks RA, Thomas A, et al. Conceptualising spaced learning in health professions education: a scoping review[J]. Med Educ, 2020,54(3):205-216. DOI: 10.1111/medu.14025.
[6] 周钰, 薛贵. “ 熟能生巧”:如何通过分散学习提高学习效率[J]. 教育家, 2020(24):54-57.
[7] Carpenter SK, Cepeda NJ, Rohrer D, et al. Using spacing to enhance diverse forms of learning: review of recent research and implications for instruction [J]. Educ Psychol Rev, 2012, 24:369-378. DOI 10.1007/s10648-012-9205-z.
[8] Kerfoot BP, DeWolf WC, Masser BA, et al. Spaced education improves the retention of clinical knowledge by medical students: a randomised controlled trial[J]. Med Educ, 2007,41(1):23-31. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02644.x.
[9] Marks BE, Waldman G, Reardon K, et al. Improving pediatric endocrinology trainees' knowledge about insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitors with online spaced education: technology knowledge optimization in T1D (TeKnO T1D)[J]. Pediatr Diabetes, 2020,21(5):814-823. DOI: 10.1111/pedi.13010.
[10] Boettcher J, Mietzsch S, Wenkus J, et al. The spaced learning concept significantly improves acquisition of laparoscopic suturing skills in students and residents: a randomized control trial[J]. Eur J Pediatr Surg, 2021,31(6):518-524. DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721041.
[11] Boettcher J, Klippgen L, Mietzsch S, et al. Spaced education improves the retention of laparoscopic suturing skills: a randomized controlled study[J]. Eur J Pediatr Surg, 2020,30(2):193-200. DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1681022.
[12] Akdemir A, Zeybek B, Ergenoglu AM, et al. Effect of spaced training with a box trainer on the acquisition and retention of basic laparoscopic skills[J]. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2014,127(3):309-313. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.07.015.
[13] Kerfoot BP, Turchin A, Breydo E, et al. An online spaced-education game among clinicians improves their patients' time to blood pressure control: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes, 2014,7(3):468-474. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000814.
[14] Phillips JL, Heneka N, Hickman L, et al. Impact of a novel online learning module on specialist palliative care nurses' pain assessment competencies and patients' reports of pain: results from a quasi-experimental pilot study[J]. Palliat Med, 2014,28(6):521-529. DOI: 10.1177/0269216314527780.
[15] Tshibwabwa E, Mallin R, Fraser M, et al. An integrated interactive-spaced education radiology curriculum for preclinical students[J]. J Clin Imaging Sci, 2017,7:22. DOI: 10.4103/jcis.JCIS_1_17.
[16] Nkenke E, Vairaktaris E, Bauersachs A, et al. Spaced education activates students in a theoretical radiological science course: a pilot study[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2012,12:32. DOI: 10.1186/1472-6920-12-32.
[17] Blazek MC, Dantz B, Wright MC, et al. Spaced learning using emails to integrate psychiatry into general medical curriculum: keep psychiatry in mind[J]. Med Teach, 2016,38(10):1049-1055. DOI: 10.3109/0142159X.2016.1150982.