同伴互助学习在医学教育中应用效果研究的Meta分析

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20231020-00382

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的基于同伴互助学习(peer-assisted learning, PAL)对医学生学习效果的分析,评估PAL在医学教育中的应用效果。方法 2023年8月,计算机检索Web of Science、Embase、EBSCO数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊数据库中在医学生中开展PAL的随机研究,通过Endnote 20、Review Manager 5.4软件进行文献筛选和Meta分析,并通过随机效应模型进行统计分析。结果共纳入33篇文献,结果显示,PAL明显提高了临床教育阶段医学生的学习效果(SMD=0.74[0.25, 1.23]),而对临床前教育阶段医学生的学习效果没有明显影响(SMD=0.39[-0.04,0.82])。同时,PAL提升了医学生临床技能的学习效果(SMD=0.87[0.47,1.28]),而对理论知识的学习效果没有明显影响(SMD=0.49[-0.11,1.10])。参加PAL 4周以上的医学生学习效果优于未参加PAL的学生(SMD=1.08[0.33,1.84]),而在4周内是否参加PAL并不会对学生的学习效果有明显影响(SMD=0.27 [-0.10,0.64])。结论 PAL有助于提升医学生的学习效果,其中效果最明显的是在临床技能学习阶段,这种影响可以长期保持。

关键词: 教育,医学, 同伴互助学习, 学习效果, 荟萃分析

Abstract: Objective To analyze the impact of peer-assisted learning (PAL) on the learning outcomes of medical students, and evaluate the effect of PAL in medical education. Methods In August 2023, randomized studies on PAL among medical students were conducted through computer search of Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO databases, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals . Literature screening and meta-analysis were conducted using Endnote 20 and Review Manager 5.4 software. Random effects model was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 33 relevant literature were included. The meta-analysis results showed that PAL significantly improved the learning outcomes of clinical medical students (SMD=0.74 [0.25, 1.23]), but had no significant impact on the learning outcomes of preclinical medical students (SMD=0.39 [-0.04,0.82]). PAL also significantly improved the learning outcomes of clinical skills (SMD=0.87[0.47,1.28]), but had no significant impact on the learning outcomes of theoretical knowledge (SMD=0.49[-0.11,1.10]). Students who participated in PAL for more than 4 weeks had significantly better learning outcomes than those who did not participate in PAL (SMD=1.08 [0.33,1.84]), and whether or not to participate in PAL within 4 weeks did not have a significant impact on students' learning outcomes (SMD=0.27 [-0.10,0.64]). Conclusions The learning outcomes of medical students have significantly improved after participating in PAL, and the most significant effect is in the clinical skills learning stage, which can be maintained for a relatively long time.

Key words: Education, medical, Peer-assisted learning, Learning outcomes, Meta-analysis

中图分类号:

沈艺南, 郦宇炜. 同伴互助学习在医学教育中应用效果研究的Meta分析[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2024, 44(11): 811-816.

Shen Yi'nan, Li Yuwei. The effect of peer assisted learning in medical education: a meta-analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education, 2024, 44(11): 811-816.

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