Chinese Journal of Medical Education

The practice and reflection on the construction of faculty development centers in medical schools and universities

Yuan Huanhuan, Quan Zhiyue, Meng Li, Chai Hua, Qing Ping, Shen Bin

2023, 43 (11): 801-806. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20230105-00015

Abstract ( 197 )

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Faculty development center (FDC) plays a significant role as an academic institution aimed at enhancing the teaching proficiency of educators and promoting transformative shifts in their teaching philosophies and roles. This article highlights the concerns encountered within FDCs in domestic medical schools and universities, including organizational deficiencies, incomplete training systems, and insufficient sharing of high-quality educational resources. Taking as an example the Medical Branch of the Center for Teaching Advancement, Sichuan University, this article analyzes the connotation of the concept of FDC, and summarizes the possible measures to solve the above problems from three aspects: organizational guarantee construction, systematic development construction and goal orientation construction. Finally, this article proposes thoughts and suggestions for the future construction of FDCs in medical schools and universities, including optimizing organizational structures, strengthening training system, enhancing the assessment of developmental outcomes, and reinforcing support through information technology.

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Application of outcome-based education combined with scenario-based learning in pediatric anesthesia clerkship teaching

Yu Qian, Du Min, Tang Wen, Liu Wei

2023, 43 (11): 807-810. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20230107-00023

Abstract ( 167 )

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Objective To explore the application of outcome-based education (OBE) combined with situational teaching for anesthesia internship in children′s general hospital. Methods An experimental control method was used. Eighty undergraduates of the five-year anesthesiology major of the class of 2017 who were interned in the Department of Anesthesiology of the Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from November 2021 to May 2022 were selected as the study subjects, and the students were divided into 40 students each in the study group and the control group. The study group adopted OBE combined with situational teaching method, and the control group adopted classroom lecture teaching method. The teaching effect was evaluated by the theoretical knowledge and skill operation assessment scores and learning effectiveness self-evaluation scale. Data were analyzed by using t-test. Results The theoretical knowledge assessment scores and practical ability assessment scores of the students in the study group were higher than those of the control group [(91.07±1.48) points vs. (86.44±2.24) points, (89.05±1.31) points vs. (85.27±2.22) points]. Students in the study group scored higher than the control group in terms of improving problem-solving skills, improving confidence in self-study, and satisfaction with the teaching [(4.12±0.25) points vs. (3.05±0.27) points, (4.19±0.51) points vs. (3.07±0.41) points, (4.48±0.49) points vs. (2.98±0.33) points], and the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05) . Conclusions OBE combined with situational teaching applied to the teaching of pediatric anesthesia clerkship helps to improve the theoretical knowledge assessment scores and practical ability assessment scores of medical students, which helps to stimulate students′ learning motivation, improve students′ clinical practice competence, and enhance students′ teaching satisfaction.

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Effect of patient safety perception training for nursing students based on situational teaching method

Wu Zhishui, Chen Lan, Yue Xiaolin, Feng Keshu, Jiang Yufen, Yao Yun

2023, 43 (11): 811-813. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20230207-00103

Abstract ( 92 )

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To explore the effect of situational teaching method in the training of patient safety perception ability for nursing students. This study selected 105 nursing students who practiced at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from March to December 2022 as research subjects, and used situational teaching method in patient safety perception ability training. The training effect was evaluated using the patient safety perception ability scale. The results showed that the patient safety perception ability of students after training was (75.94 ± 3.12), higher than that before training (70.66 ± 3.38), the difference was statistically significant (t=11.36, P<0.001). It can be seen that the situational teaching method used for patient safety perception training can effectively improve the patient safety perception ability of nursing students, and can be further promoted.

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The application of experiential teaching based on clinical judgment model for nursing interns

Xue Ting, Jiang Wenbin, Yao Songnan, Chen Qiang, Liu Meiyan, Zhou Zhenfeng, Jiang Yongmei

2023, 43 (11): 814-818. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221212-01550

Abstract ( 70 )

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Objective To explore the effect of experiential teaching based on clinical judgment model for nursing interns. Methods A total of 150 nursing undergraduates from the grade of 2018 who practiced in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University participated in the study and were assigned randomly into two groups from July 2021 to April 2022. The experimental group adopted experiential teaching based on clinical judgment model, while the control group adopted traditional teaching. The academic self-efficacy, clinical judgment thinking and teaching satisfaction of two groups were compared after the internship. Chi-square test and t test were used to compare the differences between two groups. Results The score of academic self-efficacy of experimental group was (93.43±11.26) higher than that of control group (84.75±10.06); the critical thinking ability score of experimental group was (280.27±32.21), which was higher than that of control group (265.01±25.05); 67 (89.3%) students in the experimental group were satisfied with the teaching, higher than 54 (72.0%) students in the control group. There are statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions Experiential teaching based on clinical judgment model can effectively improve students′ academic self-efficacy and critical thinking ability, and it is well accepted by the nursing undergraduates.

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Application of digital planning system combined with 3D-printing puncture template in puncture training for refresher doctors

Ji Zhe, Jiang Yuliang, Sun Haitao, Fan Jinghong, Qiu Bin, Li Mao, Chen Yi

2023, 43 (11): 819-823. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221120-01456

Abstract ( 46 )

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Objective To explore the application of digital planning system combined with 3D-printing puncture template in the training of puncture skills for refresher doctors. Methods A total of 42 trainees who received advanced training in the Department of Radiation Oncology of Peking University Third Hospital from December 2021 to June 2022 were selected. They were randomly divided into the study group and the control group. The trainees in the study group used the teaching method of planning system combined with puncture template, while the students in the control group used the traditional teaching method. To evaluate the training outcomes by examination and questionnaire. Data were analyzed by χ² test and independent sample t test. Results The theoretical knowledge, image reading ability, and clinical skill assessment scores of the physicians in the study group were higher than those in the control group [(92.24±2.51) score compared to (90.33±3.10) score, (92.33±3.34) score compared to (87.48±4.67) score, and (90.95±2.56) score compared to (85.81±3.70) score, respectively]. The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). In the study group, three physicians (14.3%) believed that the learning difficulty was relatively high, compared to eleven physicians (52.4%) in the control group; furthermore, 17 individuals (81.0%) in the study group and 9 (42.9%) in the control group believed they had achieved their further education goals; after 3 months of further education, 14 individuals (66.7%) in the study group and 6 (28.6%) in the control group underwent puncture techniques. The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions The teaching method of planning system combined with 3D printing template is helpful to improve trainees′ understanding of theoretical knowledge and mastering of practice skills, and it is also beneficial for cultivating relevant talents.

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Application of 3D virtual image reconstruction technology in the teaching of acoustic neuroma of undergraduates major in medical imaging technology

Huang Huimin, Li Jing, Zheng Shaowei, Ji Xiaodong, Shi Xiang, Yu Ying, Li Xiaotian, Wang Huapeng, Zhang Yuhang, Liu Lihua

2023, 43 (11): 824-828. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221208-01538

Abstract ( 60 )

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Acoustic neuroma is one of the most common intracranial tumors. The complex spatial adjacency between the tumor and the nerves and vessels is the focus of preoperative assessment and also a major difficulty in the teaching of diagnostic medical imaging. An online learning WeChat quizzes applet were developed for this study. The MR images of neuroma patients were converted and implanted into the applet based on 3D virtual image reconstruction technology. From March 2021 to June 2022, it was used in the teaching of diagnostic medical imaging for eight fourth-year undergraduate students majored in medical imaging technology at Tianjin Medical University. The time spent for the students to learn the adjacency of the acoustic neuroma on 2D planar thin-slice images, 3D virtual pictures and 3D virtual videos, the level of understanding satisfaction with the spatial adjacency and the accuracy were compared to evaluate the teaching effectiveness. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was performed on the data and Bonferroni correction was used for pairwise comparison. The students′ learning time for 3D virtual videos, 3D virtual pictures and 2D planar thin-layer images was 28(23,61), 38(28,69) and 31(27,122) seconds, respectively, and the level of understanding satisfaction with the spatial adjacency was 5(4,6), 4(4,6) and 4(3,6), respectively, and all differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The accuracy was 55.6%(37.5%,65.6%), 52.8%(37.5%,62.5%) and 52.8%(37.5%,60.0%) and there was no statistical difference (P=0.547). Thus, the use of 3D virtual video in medical imaging teaching for acoustic neuroma can augment the students′ satisfaction levels and enhance the teaching effect by reducing learning time without compromising accuracy.

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Survey and analysis of satisfaction with the quality of practical teaching in clinical medicine at Qinghai University

Yang Qihui, Wang Shenghui, Li Yaoli, Peng Wenjun

2023, 43 (11): 829-832. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20220612-00768

Abstract ( 93 )

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Objective To analyze the current situation of practical teaching quality in clinical medicine at Qinghai University, and provide reference for the high-quality development of medical education at Qinghai University. Methods A questionnaire survey method was used. From May 2020 to June 2021, a cluster sampling method was used to survey 478 students majoring in clinical medicine at Qinghai University from 2016 to 2018. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate their satisfaction with the quality of practical teaching in clinical medicine. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze relevant data. Results The dissatisfaction evaluations of 478 students with practical teaching ranked from high to low: practical education plans [254(53.2%)], clinical practical education resources [123(25.7%)], practical teaching supervision and evaluation [112(23.4%)], practical teaching performance evaluation [107(22.4%)], clinical faculty development [98(20.5%)], hospital teaching management mechanisms [89(18.6%)]. Conclusions The quality of practical teaching in clinical medicine needs to be improved. It is recommended that clinical teaching bases strictly implement talent training plans and standardize clinical practice teaching management; increase investment in practical education resources and improve practical teaching conditions;standardize the management of practical teaching scores to better reflect students′ clinical practice skills level; Improve the supervision and evaluation system for practical teaching, strengthen the monitoring of teaching quality process; increase the construction of clinical teaching staff and improve the teaching ability of clinical teachers; improve the management mechanism of practical teaching and further promote the high-quality development of clinical medical education.

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Application of simulation training in the teaching of percutaneous choledochoscopy lithotomy for advanced physicians

Ye Jianwen, Liu Wentao, Wang Yitao, Yu Long, Chen Kunlun, Zhai Wenlong

2023, 43 (11): 833-836. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221231-01606

Abstract ( 62 )

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Objective To explore the application of simulation training in the teaching of percutaneous choledochoscopy lithotomy for advanced physicians. Methods Fifth-six refresher doctors who joined the training program of choledochoscopy from December 2020 to October 2022 in the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were randomly divided into experimental group (n=28) and control group (n=28). The experimental group received simulation training, while the control group received traditional teaching. The theoretical assessment, choledochoscopy skill assessment and questionnaire survey were used to evaluate the teaching effect. Using t-test and χ² test to compare the differences between two groups. Results The theoretical assessment and choledochoscopy skill assessment in the experimental group were higher than that in the control group with (84.32±5.79) vs. (76.71±6.74) and (86.89±7.29) vs. (77.43±6.42), respectively, There were all statistical differences (all P＜0.001). The experimental group had a higher scores than those of the control group in learning interest[(4.68±0.48) vs. (4.32±0.55)], learning efficiency[(4.89±0.32) vs. (4.32±0.48)], self-confidence[(4.57±0.50) vs. (4.25±0.44)], operation ability[(4.75±0.44) vs. (4.07±0.47)], cooperation ability[(4.71±0.46) vs. (3.96±0.43)], rationality of teaching arrangement[(4.75±0.44) vs. (4.25±0.44)] and overall teaching effect[(4.64±0.49) vs. (4.21±0.42)] andThere were all statistical differences (all P＜0.05). Conclusions Simulation training is helpful to improve theoretical knowledge and operational skills of refresher doctors in percutaneous choledochoscopy, and is recognized by these trainees. It is an effective method in the teaching of percutaneous choledochoscopy.

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Application of blended teaching mode based on standard clinical cases in oral and maxillofacial oncology course

Zhang Wenbo, Zhang Jianyun, Xie Xiaoyan, Liu Denggao, Zhang Jie, Li Tiejun, Guo Chuanbin, Peng Xin

2023, 43 (11): 837-841. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221230-01603

Abstract ( 93 )

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Case-based learning (CBL) is important in developing students′ critical thinking and problem solving skills, while students were less likely to be exposed to sufficient and systematic clinical scenarios in traditional didactic lectures. This study utilized the blended teaching mode based on standard clinical cases in oral and maxillofacial oncology course. Via online teaching platform system, online modules and traditional face-to-face lectures were combined, allowing integration of case-based learning method into lectures-based and problem-based learning (PBL) teaching system. The questionnaire survey results showed that out of 83 students participating in teaching reform, compared to traditional teaching mode, 65(78.3%) believed that the blended teaching mode based on standard clinical cases increased learning efficiency; 73(88.0%) believed that this teaching mode facilitated development of critical thinking and problem solving skills. The teaching practice results indicated that this teaching mode is helpful for the theoretical learning of oral and maxillofacial oncology course and can be further promoted.

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Visual analysis of development context and research direction of functional experiment teaching research in China since the 21st century

Wang Min, Jin Hongbo, Zhang Shue, Li Qinglin, Wang Yanping, Zhou Shengyan, Yuan Jia, Wang Zijiao, Liu Xiaoning, He Jiajun, Cao Depin

2023, 43 (11): 842-846. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221116-01438

Abstract ( 80 )

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Objective Systematic and panoramic analysis of the functional experiment teaching research, showing the research direction, development context and prospect of functional experiment since the 21st century. Methods We retrieved and screened literature on functional experiment in CNKI, WANFANG DATA and VIP databases, from January 1st, 2000 to December 31st, 2021, used VOSviewer and CiteSpace visualization tools to draw a knowledge graph. Results A total of 1,801 papers were included, with 27 papers published in 2000, 119 papers published in 2015, 44 papers published on average in 2000-2005, 101 papers published on average in 2006-2016, and 86 papers published on average in 2017-2021. The frequency of occurrence of keywords is: ″functional laboratory″ 108, ″design experiment″ 60, ″experiment teaching reform″ 57, ″comprehensive experiment″ 50, ″teaching mode″ 47, forming 5 clusters in total. The emerging words in 2021 are ″flipped classroom″, ″virtual experiment″ and ″application of teaching methods and technologies″, among which flipped classroom has the highest emerging intensity. Conclusions The publication number is on the rise, and the development of functional experiment is divided into four stages: preliminary construction, comprehensive construction, stable development, and extended refinement. The research clustering directions are: ″laboratory construction″, ″experimental teaching reform″, ″development of teaching mode″, ″integration of experimental courses of three major disciplines″ and ″innovative ability″. The research hotspots are ″functional laboratory″, ″designed experiment″, ″experimental teaching reform″, ″comprehensive experiment″ and ″teaching mode″. The research frontier is the development of teaching mode, and the flipped classroom may become the next research hotspot.

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SWOT analysis on the comprehensive skills education of doctoral candidates of general practice in China

Chen Xin, Ge Jianli, Geng Shasha, Li Qingqing, Zhu Yingqian, Jiang Hua

2023, 43 (11): 847-851. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221123-01473

Abstract ( 65 )

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The training of doctoral candidates in general practice in China is still in its initial stage. How to further improve the level of the comprehensive skills of doctoral candidates in general practice and promote the development of the discipline of general practice has become the focus of medical colleges and universities. This article uses SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity, threat) analysis method to initially explore the internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats of the training of doctoral candidates in general practice in China, and put forward corresponding promotion strategies such as to learn from the training experience of other specialties, strengthen the tutor team, broaden employment channels and improve the salary, in order to inform the improvement of the training system of doctoral candidates in general practice and the promotion of high-quality and sustainable development of general practice.

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Investigation and analysis on the research capacity and training needs of medical graduates for professional degree in a third-class hospital in Xinjiang

Ma Tingyu, Zhang Yanmin, Zhao Changwei, Liu Yibing, Liang Junqin

2023, 43 (11): 852-855. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221207-01532

Abstract ( 56 )

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Objective To understand the current status of research capacity and training needs of medical graduates for professional degree, and to inform future improvement in the research capabilities and training quality of graduate students majoring in clinical medicine. Methods Convenience sampling method was used. From August to September 2022, 379 graduate students in clinical medicine from a tertiary hospital in Xinjiang were selected, and a questionnaire survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire, a self-assessment of scientific research ability scale, and a scientific research training needs scale. Data were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA. Results The total score of scientific research ability of medical graduates for professional degree was (66.90±22.04), which was at a low level. There were statistically significant differences in research ability scores between medical graduates for professional degree of different educational levels [master′s (66.19±21.66) points, doctoral (82.06±25.04) points] and different grades [first grade (61.81±21.31) points ,second grade (70.31±20.87) points, third grade (71.17±23.39) points] (all P< 0.05). The top three research training needs of graduate students in clinical medicine were demonstration of core experimental skills (4.07±0.86) points, training related to statistical methods (4.06±0.86) points, and training related to scientific research design and project declaration (4.05±0.86) points. Conclusions The scientific research ability of medical graduates for professional degree needs to be improved. It is recommended to develop effective training strategies based on the research ability and research training needs of graduate students with different characteristics, in order to effectively enhance the level of research ability of medical graduates for professional degree.

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Analysis of medical narrative ability and influencing factors for resident trainees

Peng Juan, Jiang Tao, Xie Denghui, Sun Linmin, Hu Huazhong, Ma Lianshun, Zhang Qun

2023, 43 (11): 856-860. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221103-01391

Abstract ( 87 )

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Objective To understand the current status of medical narrative ability and influencing factors for trainees receiving standardized residency training, and to inform the medical narrative ability of resident trainees. Methods From February to March 2022, a convenient sampling method was used to select 220 trainees who participated in standardized residency training from 2019 to 2021 in a third-level A hospital in Guangdong Province as the research participants, and general data questionnaire and medical narrative ability scale were used. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relevant data. Results A total of 206 valid questionnaires were collected.The score of medical narrative ability was (141.39±22.94). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that residents with higher levels of narrative knowledge reserve (b=7.66, P=0.007) and occupational satisfaction (b=-5.23, P=0.003) had stronger medical narrative abilities; Compared with unmarried and non-volunteer trainees, those who were married (b=10.74, P=0.029) and those who participate in volunteer services (b=-7.20, P=0.025) have higher medical narrative abilities. The four variables of trainees marital status, narrative knowledge reserve, occupational satisfaction, and participation in volunteer services can collectively explain 21% of the total variation in medical narrative ability scores. Conclusions The medical narrative ability status of resident trainees is at a low level. The degree of narrative knowledge reserve and occupational satisfaction have a positive impact. Educational managers for residency training should pay more attention to unmarried trainees, actively organize them to participate in volunteer service activities and narrative medical knowledge training, so as to improve career satisfaction, and further improve the medical narrative ability of resident trainees.

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Visual analysis of formative assessment and inspiration of medical education

Qian Neng, Zhou Hongkun, Yu Qingjiang

2023, 43 (11): 861-865. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221122-01466

Abstract ( 118 )

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Objective To analyze the literatures about formative assessment both in Chinese and English with visual analysis software, and lay a foundation for subsequent research of formative assessment in education related fields in China. Methods In July 2022, the literatures on formative evaluation from January 1991 to June 2022 in CNKI, VIP Periodical, Wanfang Data and Web of Science databases were searched respectively. Citespace software was used to summarize and analyze the literatures. All of the following were analyzed including number, author, country, institution, key words, citation relationship, etc. Results A total of 5 537 Chinese articles and 5 096 English articles were included for following-up analysis. The number of Chinese articles was basically stable while English articles was significantly increased in recent years. Two teams of Dianjun Qi from China Medical University, De′an Shi from Hubei University had great influence in China while Black, Sadler had the greatest influence internationally. The United States, the United Kingdom and Australia were the top three countries publishing most literatures. The Xinjiang Medical University and University of Minnesota published most literatures in Chinese and in English respectively. College English, teaching evaluation, teaching reform and formative assessment, student, education were the key words with the highest frequencies in Chinese and English literatures respectively. Recent Chinese literatures focused on flipped classroom, teaching reform, online learning while engagement, assessment literacy, student perception were the focuses of English literatures in recent years. Conclusions The focus and trend of formative assessment research in China and abroad have many differences and our research direction is not clear enough. We should carry out more systematic planning of formative evaluation research and promote the healthy development of education, especially in medical education.

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A comparative study of talents cultivation model for public health undergraduate students in China and US

Pang Yuanjie, Zhang Ruosu, Jarken Yeran, Wang Mengying, Si Jiahui, Yu Canqing, Gao Wenjing, Lyu Jun, Wu Tao, Ren Tao, Zhan Siyan, Li Liming

2023, 43 (11): 866-871. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221116-01440

Abstract ( 142 )

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The focus of undergraduate education in public health is preventive medicine in China and public health in the US. Because of the differences in education systems and talent demand between China and the US, each has its distinctiveness in talents cultivation model. This article takes the examples of representative schools of public health in China (top 5 by the 4th Round of National Discipline Evaluation) and the US (top 5 by US News & World Report), compares their training objectives, degree categories, coursework, internship and practice, and graduation requirement, and makes recommendations on training objectives, strengths and uniqueness, and curriculum for public health undergraduate talent training in China.

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Integration of epidemiology and biostatistics for Master of Public Health in China and abroad

Zhang Ruosu, Pang Yuanjie, Lyu Ying, Wang Mengying, Si Jiahui, Yu Canqing, Gao Wenjing, Lyu Jun, Wu Tao, Ren Tao, Zhan Siyan, Li Liming

2023, 43 (11): 872-876. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221116-01439

Abstract ( 76 )

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The Master of Public Health (MPH) degree aims to cultivate high-level public health professionals with solid theoretical foundation, broad professional knowledge, and advanced technical skills. In the training of MPH students, high-level schools of public health have integrated the teaching of epidemiology and biostatistics. This article reviews the current status of epidemiology and biostatistics teaching as well as the integrated-curriculum for MPH students in representative schools of public health in China and abroad. The authors further put forward suggestions for integrated teaching in schools of public health in China, including establishing methodology modules of epidemiology and biostatistics, advancing integration of epidemiology and biostatistics, and focusing on capacity building of teachers.

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Comparative analysis of research trends and hotspots of pharmaceutical education in Chinese and English literature from 2011 to 2021

Xu Qing, Zheng Yanqiu, Liu Zeying, Lou Zhaohuan

2023, 43 (11): 877-880. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20221009-01276

Abstract ( 75 )

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Objective To analyze and compare the research trends and hotspots related to pharmaceutical education in Chinese and English literature. Methods Based on CNKI, VIP database, Wanfang database and PubMed database, Chinese and English literature related to pharmaceutical education published from 2011 to 2021 was searched.852 Chinese literature and 1 416 English literature were included in the study. Results Compares the Chinese and English literatures through bibliometrics. The research areas of improving social pharmaceutical care and cultivating the learning and clinical ability of practicing pharmacists in hospitals and communities were located in the first quadrant of strategic coordinates of Chinese and English literature. Teaching reform of pharmaceutical education involves three hot research areas of bicluster analysis in Chinese literature. The research field of social pharmacy aiming at different ages and genders is located in the first quadrant of the strategic coordinate of English literature results analysis and has the largest centripetal value. Conclusions Enhancing social pharmaceutical services and cultivating the learning and clinical abilities of licensed pharmacists in hospitals and communities are common research hotspots in both Chinese and English literature; The reform of pharmaceutical education and teaching is a research hotspot in Chinese literature; Social pharmacy research is a hot topic in English literature.

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