Abstract: Objective To investigate the need and efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in enhancing young physicians′ ability to manage emergencies of hematemesis. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 77 young physicians undergoing standardized residency training and specialized physician training at Peking University Third Hospital in 2023. The survey assessed their experience in managing emergencies of hematemesis, identified key areas for competency improvement, and evaluated their willingness and satisfaction regarding AI-assisted systems. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results Young physicians demonstrated relatively high theoretical knowledge of acute hematemesis management but showed limited proficiency in practical details. For instance, the self-assessed score for awareness of initial emergency measures was (3.40±0.78), and only 40 (51.9%) young physicians had mastered the critical procedural details. Notably, 70 (90.9%) young physicians expressed willingness to use AI-assisted systems trained with expert knowledge. With real-time AI guidance, all young physicians successfully addressed clinical uncertainties in hematemesis management. Moreover, 75 (97.4%) young physicians reported that AI systems effectively enhanced their emergencies management skills. Conclusions Refining practical skills is a critical need for young physicians in managing hematemesis emergencies. AI-assisted systems can efficiently and instantaneously address these competency gaps, with high user acceptance and preliminary satisfaction among young physicians.

Key words: Hematemesis, Young physician, Standardized training, Emergency, Artificial intelligence teaching aids, Questionnaires survey