医学教育中标准化病人的应用现状调查

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20230628-00632

中华医学教育杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 532-535.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20230628-00632

医学教育中标准化病人的应用现状调查

王丽娟¹, 王巧玲², 张淼¹, 李娟娟³, 肖雯仪³, 葛玉荣⁴

¹宁夏医科大学2021级护理学专业硕士研究生,银川 750004;
²北京大学第一医院宁夏妇女儿童医院(宁夏回族自治区妇幼保健院)公共卫生科,银川 750001;
³宁夏医科大学2022级护理学专业硕士研究生,银川 750004;
⁴宁夏回族自治区人民医院医学教育管理处,银川 750002

收稿日期:2023-06-07 出版日期:2024-07-01 发布日期:2024-07-02
通讯作者: 葛玉荣, Email: 825829353@qq.com
基金资助:
宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2021BEG03028)

A survey on the application status of standardized patients in medical education

Wang Lijuan¹, Wang Qiaoling², Zhang Miao¹, Li Juanjuan³, Xiao Wenyi³, Ge Yurong⁴

¹Master Degree Candidate, Nursing Major, Enrolled in 2021, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
²Department of Public Health, The first Hospital of Peking University Ningxia Women and Children Hospital (Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health Hospital), Yinchuan 750001, China;
³Master Degree Candidate, Nursing Major, Enrolled in 2022, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
⁴Clinical Teaching Management Department, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750002, China

Received:2023-06-07 Online:2024-07-01 Published:2024-07-02
Contact: Ge Yurong, Email: 825829353@qq.com
Supported by:
Key research and development projects of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (2021BEG03028)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解标准化病人(standardized patients,SP)的医学教育应用现状,分析实施中存在的障碍,为推进SP参与教学提供参考。方法 2019年12月至 2020年2月,以网络能够检索到明确联系方式的开办临床医学专业教育的79所医学院校为研究对象,通过邮件向SP相关负责人发送调查表与知情同意书。采用描述性统计方法分析相关数据。结果收到64所院校回复的有效问卷,其中有37所(57.8%)院校在教学中应用了SP,培训SP的主要方法为情景演练、示教、看视频、现场观摩。37所院校中,SP主要应用于病史采集教学[29所(78.4%)]、客观结构化临床考试[28所(75.7%)]、医患沟通教学[27所(73.0%)]、体格检查教学[23所(62.2%)]。SP质量评估方式主要为教师反馈[27所(73.0%)]、学生反馈[26所(70.3%)]、自制评价表评估[11所(29.7%)]。SP应用的主要问题为SP队伍不稳定[27所(73.0%)]、缺乏统一规范的质量评价标准和课程培训[17所(45.9%)]。结论 SP在我国医学教育中应用比较广泛。医学院校在医患沟通教学领域中已经开始重视SP的应用。今后需要加强SP培训的规范化,进一步推进SP在医学教育中的应用。

关键词: 教育, 医学, 标准化病人, 模拟病人, 医患沟通, 医患关系

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of the application of standardized patients (SPs) in the field of medical education and analyze the obstacles in the process of implementation, so as to inform further promoting the use of SPs in medical education. Methods From December 2019 to February 2020, 79 medical universities offering five-year and long-term clinical medicine programs with clear contact information were selected as research subjects, and questionnaires and informed consent forms were sent by Email. Numerical data were analyzed by cross-table chi-square test or Fisher exact test. Results This survey received valid questionnaires from 64 colleges and universities, 37 (57.8%) applied SPs in medical education, and 27(42.2%) had training departments for SPs. The main methods of training were situational exercises, teaching demonstrations, watching videos and on-the-spot observation. Among 37 colleges and universities, SPs were mainly used in medical history collection [29(78.4%)], Objective Structured Clinical Exams [28(75.7%)], doctor-patient communication [27(73.0%)] and physical examination teaching [23(62.2%)] respectively. Moreover, 27(73.0%), 26(70.3%) and 11(29.7%) colleges and universities respectively evaluated the quality of SPs through teacher feedback, student feedback and self-made evaluation forms. Lastly, 27(73.0%) and 17(45.9%) colleges and universities respectively believed that there were unstable teams and lack of unified and standardized quality evaluation standards and course training in SPs. Conclusions SPs are widely used in medical education in China, and attention has been paid to doctor-patient communication. It is expected for SPs to participate in teaching in improving doctor-patient relationship. In the future, it is necessary to overcome a series of obstacles and further promote the use of SPs to improve the communication skills of medical students.

Key words: Education, medical, Standardized patients, Stimulated patients, Doctor-patient communication, Doctor-patient relationship

中图分类号:

王丽娟, 王巧玲, 张淼, 李娟娟, 肖雯仪, 葛玉荣. 医学教育中标准化病人的应用现状调查[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2024, 44(7): 532-535.

Wang Lijuan, Wang Qiaoling, Zhang Miao, Li Juanjuan, Xiao Wenyi, Ge Yurong. A survey on the application status of standardized patients in medical education[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education, 2024, 44(7): 532-535.

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医学教育中标准化病人的应用现状调查

A survey on the application status of standardized patients in medical education

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