虚拟标准化病人有效性评估研究进展

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20240722-00770

中华医学教育杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 15-20.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20240722-00770

• 人工智能在医学教育中的应用 • 上一篇下一篇

虚拟标准化病人有效性评估研究进展

喻佳龙¹, 李月², 秦建星³, 武君芳³, 徐勇⁴

¹山西医科大学人文社会科学学院2022级应用心理学专业硕士研究生,太原 030001;
²山西医科大学第一医院精神卫生科精神障碍人工智能辅助诊疗山西省重点实验室,太原 030001;
³北京大学第一医院太原医院精神科,太原 030009;
⁴中山大学附属第八医院临床心理科,深圳 518033

收稿日期:2024-07-22 出版日期:2026-01-01 发布日期:2025-12-31
通讯作者: 徐勇, Email: xuyongsmu@vip.163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82371511,82301744) ; 太原市科技计划项目(202206);太原市卫生健康委员会“六个一批”专项行动项目(Z2023002);山西省基础研究计划(自由探索类)项目(202303021222346)

Advancements in evaluating the effectiveness of virtual standardized patients

Yu Jialong¹, Li Yue², Qin Jianxing³, Wu Junfang³, Xu Yong²

¹Master Degree Candidate, Applied Psychology Major, Enrolled in 2022, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shanxi Medical University of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China;
²Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University & Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorders, Taiyuan 030001, China;
³Department of Psychiatry, Peking University First Hospital Taiyuan, Taiyuan 030009, China;
⁴Department of Clinical Psychology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China

Received:2024-07-22 Online:2026-01-01 Published:2025-12-31
Contact: Xu Yong, Email: xuyongsmu@vip.163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82371511, 82301744); Taiyuan Scientific and Technological Plan Projects (202206); “Six Initiatives” for Healthcare Talent Cultivation (Z2023002); Shanxi Provincial Basic Research Program - Free Exploration Category (202303021222346)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 虚拟标准化病人(virtual standardized patient,VSP)作为能够精确模拟临床场景的计算机程序,已成为医学教育中的重要教学工具。然而,其有效性仍存在争议,有必要对评估方法进行系统梳理。本文从学习效果评估和系统评估两大维度总结VSP有效性评估研究进展。学习效果评估包括效标评估、专家评估及其他方法,分别从量化指标、专业判断、经验差异和生理与行为反应等角度反映学习者的训练成效;系统评估则聚焦技术设计、模拟真实度与学习实用性,涵盖易用性、真实性、存在感等关键指标,并综合运用多种评估工具与方法。研究结果显示,当前VSP评估面临方法局限、工具单一和缺乏长期追踪等问题。未来应构建多维度、客观化的评估体系,以提升VSP教学应用的科学性与实践价值。

关键词: 病人模拟, 虚拟标准化病人, 有效性, 评估, 综述

Abstract: Virtual standardized patients (VSPs), as computer-based programs capable of accurately simulating clinical scenarios, have become important educational tools in medical training. However, their effectiveness remains debated, underscoring the need for a systematic review of evaluation approaches. This study summarizes current progress in VSP effectiveness assessment across two major dimensions: learning effectiveness and system evaluation. Learning effectiveness assessment encompasses criterion-referenced evaluation, expert evaluation, and additional emerging methods, reflecting learners' training outcomes through quantitative indicators, professional judgments, experience-level differences, and physiological or behavioral responses. System evaluation focuses on technical design, simulation fidelity, and learning practicality, covering key indicators such as usability, authenticity, and sense of presence, and incorporates multiple assessment tools and methodologies. Existing research reveals limitations in current VSP evaluation, including methodological constraints, limited tool diversity, and insufficient longitudinal follow-up. Future work should develop multidimensional and more objective evaluation frameworks to enhance the scientific rigor and practical value of VSPs in medical education.

Key words: Patient simulation, Virtual standardized patient, Effectiveness, Evaluations, Review

中图分类号:

R-05

喻佳龙, 李月, 秦建星, 武君芳, 徐勇. 虚拟标准化病人有效性评估研究进展[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2026, 46(1): 15-20.

Yu Jialong, Li Yue, Qin Jianxing, Wu Junfang, Xu Yong. Advancements in evaluating the effectiveness of virtual standardized patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education, 2026, 46(1): 15-20.

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虚拟标准化病人有效性评估研究进展

Advancements in evaluating the effectiveness of virtual standardized patients

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