中华医学教育杂志

中华医学教育杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 30-34.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2019.01.008

• 心理健康教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

八年制临床医学专业学生研究生培养阶段焦虑抑郁状态及其影响因素的研究

赵秀娟1, 朱凤雪1, 曾莉2, 李纾1, 安友仲1   

  1. 1北京大学人民医院重症医学科 100044;
    2北京大学人民医院外科学教研室 100044
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-08 出版日期:2019-01-01 发布日期:2020-12-08
  • 通讯作者: 朱凤雪, Email: fxzhu72@163.com,电话:010-88324481
  • 基金资助:
    北京大学人民医院研究与发展基金(RD-Edu-201615)

Anxiety and depression state and their associated factors of eight-year program medical students at postgraduate stage

Zhao Xiujuan1, Zhu Fengxue1, Zeng Li2, Li Shu1, An Youzhong1   

  1. 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China;
    2Staff Room of Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
  • Received:2018-03-08 Online:2019-01-01 Published:2020-12-08
  • Contact: Zhu Fengxue, Email: fxzhu72@163.com, Tel: 0086-10-88324481
  • Supported by:
    Research and Development Fund of Peking University People's Hospital (RD-Edu-201615)

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摘要： 目的 了解八年制临床医学专业学生研究生培养阶段的焦虑抑郁状况,并分析其焦虑抑郁的影响因素。方法 以北京大学人民医院进入研究生培养阶段的八年制临床医学专业213名学生为研究对象。分别采用焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表调查其焦虑和抑郁状态,采用青少年生活事件量表、社会支持评定量表和自制问卷分析焦虑和抑郁的影响因素。结果 八年制临床医学专业学生研究生培养阶段焦虑发生率为26.8%(57/213)。将学生分为焦虑组(57名)和无焦虑组(156名),logistic回归分析发现学生来源乡村(OR=3.860,95%CI:1.656~8.997,P=0.002)、专业不满意(OR=6.293,95%CI:1.288~30.744,P=0.023)、青少年生活事件多(OR=1.196,95%CI:1.126~1.270,P<0.001)、学习压力(OR=1.489,95%CI:1.295~1.713,P=0.009)和社会支持少(OR=0.871,95%CI:0.809~0.936,P<0.001)是学生焦虑的独立危险因素。八年制临床医学专业学生研究生培养阶段抑郁发生率37.1%(79/213)。将学生分为抑郁组(79名)和无抑郁组(134名),logistic回归分析发现女性(OR=2.495,95%CI:1.095~5.683,P=0.03)、研究生培养阶段第一年和第三年(OR=2.770,95%CI:1.174~6.536,P=0.02)、青少年生活事件多(OR=1.232,95%CI:1.141~1.329,P<0.001)和社会支持少(OR=0.632,95%CI:0.489~0.816,P<0.001)是学生抑郁的独立危险因素。结论 八年制临床医学专业学生研究生培养阶段焦虑和抑郁发生率较高,焦虑的危险因素包括学生来源乡村、对专业不满意、青少年生活事件多、学习压力和社会支持少;抑郁的危险因素包括女性、研究生培养阶段第一年和第三年、青少年生活事件多和社会支持少。所以,学校和医院应该深入了解八年制临床医学专业学生研究生培养阶段的心理状态和问题,加强学生心理健康教育和心理疏导,促进学生的身心健康。

关键词: 八年制医学生, 焦虑, 抑郁, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence of anxiety and depression in the eight-year program medical student at postgraduate stage, and to analyze the characteristics of anxiety and depression and their influencing factors.Methods Two hundred andthirteen eight-year program medical students at postgraduate stage in Peking University People's Hospital were analyzed by random sampling. Using respectively self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) to investigate the incidence of anxiety and depression, using adolescent self-rating life events checklist, social support rating scale and self-made questionnaire to analysis the influence factors of anxiety and depression.Results The incidence of anxiety in eight-year program medical students at postgraduate stage was 26.8%(57/213). Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of the anxiety in eight-year program medical students at postgraduate stage included the students comes from the countryside (OR=3.860, 95%CI:1.656~8.997, P=0.002), professional dissatisfaction (OR=6.293, 95%CI:1.288~30.744, P=0.023), the more adolescent life events (OR=1.196, 95%CI:1.126~1.270, P<0.001), learning pressure (OR=1.489, 95%CI:1.295~1.713, P=0.009) and the less social support (OR=0.871, 95%CI:0.809~0.936, P<0.001). The incidence of depression in eight-year program medical students at postgraduate stage was 37.1%(79/213). Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of the depression in eight-year program medical students at postgraduate stage included female (OR=2.495, 95%CI:1.095~5.683, P=0.03), the first and third years of graduate training (OR=2.770, 95%CI:1.174~6.536, P=0.02), the more adolescent life events (OR=1.232, 95%CI:1.141~1.329, P<0.001) and the less social support (OR=0.632, 95%CI:0.489~0.816, P<0.001).Conclusions The incidence of anxiety and depression are higher in eight-year program medical students at postgraduate stage. The students comes from the countryside, professional dissatisfaction, the more adolescent life events, learning pressure and the less social support are the risk factors of the anxiety in eight-year program medical students at postgraduate stage. Female, the first and third years of graduate training, the more adolescent life events and the less social support are the risk factors of the depression in eight-year program medical students at postgraduate stage. Universities and hospitals should give great insight to the anxiety and depression of the eight-year program medical students, and strengthen the psychological health education and counseling of these students, to improve their physical and mental health.

Key words: Eight-year program medical student, Anxiety, Depression, Influencing factor

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