中华医学教育杂志

中华医学教育杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 471-475.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20250619-00686

• 继续医学教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于库伯体验式学习理论的大型综合医院应急演练培训的设计与实践

刘双1, 张宏亮2, 贺志飚3, 黄伶智4, 吴斯杰1, 曾慧卉5   

  1. 1中南大学湘雅二医院医务部,长沙 410011;
    2中南大学湘雅二医院急诊医学科,长沙 410011;
    3中南大学湘雅二医院国家紧急医学救援基地,长沙 410011;
    4中南大学湘雅二医院护理部,长沙 410011;
    5中南大学湘雅二医院呼吸与危重症医学科,长沙 410011
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-19 出版日期:2026-06-01 发布日期:2026-05-28
  • 通讯作者: 曾慧卉, Email: bonemarrow@csu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中南大学教育教学改革研究立项项目(2023jy199)

Design and implementation of emergency drill training in large general hospitals based on Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory

Liu Shuang1, Zhang Hongliang2, He Zhibiao3, Huang Lingzhi4, Wu Sijie1, Zeng Huihui5   

  1. 1Department of Medical Affairs, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China;
    2Department of Emergency Medicine Affairs, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China;
    3National Emergency Medical Rescue Base, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China;
    4Department of Nursing, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China;
    5Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
  • Received:2025-06-19 Online:2026-06-01 Published:2026-05-28
  • Contact: Zeng Huihui, Email: bonemarrow@csu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Central South University (2023jy199)

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摘要： 为了提升大型公立医院应对突发公共事件的应急救援能力,2025年3至4月,中南大学湘雅二医院基于库伯体验式学习理论,以国家和湖南省相关政策、制度要求为依据,设计了“演练-复盘-培训-再演练”的12学时应急演练培训,综合运用多种方法在132名医务人员(以下简称学员)中实施,并采用问卷调查与专家考核评估培训效果。123名(93.2%)学员认为通过培训更好地掌握了急危重症快速处置流程,126名(95.5%)学员认为培训提升了团队协作能力,125名(94.7%)学员认为培训提升了应急决策质量与操作规范性,125名(94.7%)学员认为培训对个人实际救治能力提升有所帮助。128名(97.0%)学员认为培训内容贴合实际,124名(93.9%)学员认为讲师讲解清晰,119名(90.2%)学员认为演练场景真实。再次演练问题数量由首次演练的34个降至9个,其中指挥与协调、物资与保障、场地与人员类问题全部消除。基于库伯体验式学习理论的应急演练培训在提升个体应急操作能力的同时,提高了医院团队协作能力,有助于在短时间内提升大型综合医院应对突发公共事件的应急救援能力,为大型公立医院相关培训提供了有益的参考。

关键词: 医务人员, 应急演练, 库伯体验式学习理论, 情景模拟, 大型综合医院

Abstract: To enhance the emergency response capabilities of large public hospitals in addressing public emergencies, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University designed a 12-hour emergency exercise program themed ″Exercise-After-action Review-Training-Re-exercise″ based on Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory (ELT) and in accordance with relevant national and Hunan provincial policies and institutional requirements during March and April 2025. A combination of multiple methods was adopted for implementation among 132 medical staff (referred to as ″trainees″), and the exercise effect was evaluated through questionnaire and expert assessments. Primary outcomes indicated that 123 (93.2%) trainees reported a better grasp of rapid management process for critical and acute illnesses; 126 (95.5%) trainees demonstrated improved interprofessional teamwork competence; 125 (94.7%) trainees showed enhanced emergency decision-making quality and operational compliance; and 125 (94.7%) trainees confirmed that they benefited from the exercise in improving practical treatment capabilities. Secondary outcomes related to training satisfaction revealed that 128 (97.0%) trainees found the exercise content closely aligned with clinical practice; 124 (93.9%) trainees reported that the instructors' explanations were clear; and 119 (90.2%) trainees recognized the high-fidelity of the scenarios. Notably, the number of problems identified in the re-exercise decreased from 34 in the initial exercise to 9, among which issues related to command and coordination, logistic support, and venue-personnel arrangement were eliminated. Emergency exercise based on Kolb's ELT not only improves individual emergency operational capabilities but also optimizes hospital interprofessional teamwork. It facilitates the rapid enhancement of large public hospitals' emergency response capability in dealing with public emergencies, thus to serve as a reference for exercise initiatives in large public hospitals.

Key words: Medical staff, Emergency drill, Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory, Scenario-based simulation, Large general hospital

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