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Cultivation pathway for the core competence of pharmaceutical students Gao Xinzhu, Feng Feng, Wang Xinran 2022, 42 (3):  193-196.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210511-00616 Abstract ( 226 )   PDF (809KB) ( 255 )   Pharmaceutical students in the new era need to have four core competencies: “knowledge of medicine”, “research of medicine”, “pharmaceuticals” and “medication”. However, the current curriculum system is not well tailed to the learning of core competency by students, the lack of a practical teaching environment integrated virtual environment with reality, and the imperfect mechanism of production-education collaboration are the factors that restrict the effective training of pharmacy students' core competency. So it is necessary to encourage diversified development, to build a curriculum system for cultivation of students' core competencies, concentrate resources for win-win results, create a practical teaching environment that integrates virtual with reality, policy guidance to establish a production-education collaboration mechanism, so as to support the building of core competencies by pharmacy students. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The current situation and policy recommendation to coping with challenges in the development of rural doctors in Beijing Nie Jing, Shao Shuang, Zhang Chao, Fu Li 2022, 42 (3):  197-201.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210930-01226 Abstract ( 104 )   PDF (831KB) ( 91 )   Objective To investigate the current situation of training, employment, practice authorization and professional development of rural doctors in Beijing and to find the potential challenges as well as policy recommendations to cope with. Methods Questionnaire survey and depth-interview were used among 324 rural doctors enrolled from 9 rural villages and towns located in suburb of Metropolitan Beijing. Six staff members from local government sectors in charge of rural doctor management were interviewed. Results The average age of rural doctors in Beijing is 65.99. There are 78.4% (254/324) rural doctors have experience of the secondary technical school education or equivalent education experience. The results also show that 59.6%(193/324)of them have no experience of medical college or universities education but 98.8% (320/324) of them have experienced rural doctor training. The average annual income of 38.6% (125/324) rural doctors in recent three years is 30 001～45 000 Yuan (RMB). There are 78.4% (254/324) rural doctors not covered by insurance nor provident fund in township health centers. Among the population of rural doctors, 79.9% (259/324) of them are registered rural doctors, 6.8%(22/324)are practicing (assistant) physicians and 12.0%(39/324)are rural assistant general practitoners. Conclusions There are some problems of rural doctors in Beijing, such as insufficient training, backward construction of career security system, low practicing capacity and limited space for occupational development and so on. The government should put more effort to the talent training, the optimization of career security system, to strengthen the capacity building of rural doctors and to broaden their practicing development space. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration on the content setting of core curriculum of medical graduates for professional degree Zeng Mengxin, Cui Shuang 2022, 42 (3):  202-206.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210714-00886 Abstract ( 152 )   PDF (796KB) ( 148 )   Objective To explore the core curriculum for medical graduates for professional degree. Methods From July 2018 to July 2021,questionnaire survey was used to investigate the current situation and demand of the curriculum by medical graduates for professional degree. The survey covered 1 281 medical graduates and 489 tutors at 48 medical colleges.The results were analyzed by Friedman rank sum test and Mann Whitney U rank sum test. Results The methodology courses and basic courses were the most abundant. There was no gap between the professional compulsory courses of postgraduates with master's degree and doctoral degree. The top three scores of the tutors on the importance of the course were the theoretical knowledge of clinical medicine [8.0(2.0)], clinical operation skills [7.0(2.0)] and professionalism and humanistic quality [7.0(6.0)](P＜0.001),the top three postgraduates' scores on the importance of the course were theoretical knowledge of clinical medicine [9.0(2.0)], clinical operation skills [9.0(2.0)] and basic medical knowledge [7.0(3.0)](P＜0.001).The scores of the importance of clinical research methodology courses and medical statistics courses of doctoral students were higher than those of master students [7.0(4.0) vs. 6.0(3.0), P=0.001; 7.0(3.0) vs. 6.0(3.0), P<0.001]. Conclusions Clinical professional theoretical knowledge, clinical operation skills, professionalism and humanistic quality, clinical research methodology and medical statistics are core course contents. The curriculum for graduates of doctor degree should be differentiated from that of master's degree. The training of research methodology and medical statistics should be intensified. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and practice of the national top-class undergraduate course “obstetrics and gynecology” from the perspective of ideological and political education Li Yanjun, Ou Fengrong, Huang Desheng, Chen Yongchang, Cui Manhua, Tan Wenhua, Zhang Lili, Yang Qing 2022, 42 (3):  207-210.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210809-00988 Abstract ( 227 )   PDF (851KB) ( 281 )   Fostering morality and cultivating talents is the fundamental goal of curriculum. The Ministry of Education emphasizes that medical education should focus on cultivating students' medical spirit, improve the comprehensive and humanistic qualities of medical students and educate them to be outstanding talents with both academic capacity and moral integrity for the social service. From the perspective of ideological and political education, how to deeply explore the ideological and political supply of professional courses, continuously enrich the content of curriculum and improve effectiveness of teaching are challenges to the continuous development of National Top-class Medical Undergraduate Courses. This article takes the construction and practice of “Obstetrics and Gynecology” as an example to explore the innovative pathway of penetration of ideological and political education into curriculum of National Top-class Undergraduate Courses, so as to provide a reference for the remodeling of ideological and political courses through penetration into clinical medicine education in colleges and universities in the new era. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The development of medical geography and health maintenance MOOC Zeng Ze, Tan Chao, Tang Caizhi, Luo Yongjun, Ni Ping 2022, 42 (3):  211-214.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210519-00658 Abstract ( 68 )   PDF (780KB) ( 62 )   How to give full play to the advantages of the MOOC platform and improve the teaching quality and effectiveness of military education is a realistic problem in the process of military education informatization. This article takes the military education MOOC medical geography and health maintenance course as an example, summarizes the relevant experience of teaching content reorganization and teaching mode optimization in the course construction process, and analyzes the problems discovered since the course was launched on the military education network service platform. From the course content of the three aspects, teaching service, and course evaluation put forward the ideas and directions for improvement of this course, hoping to provide reference for the teaching reform of military medical courses and the improvement of military education curriculum resource system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The pedagogica design and application of medical English microlectures Yu Yang, Gao Feng, Dong Yanyan, Yin Xuemei, Chen Hongrui, Huang Shuo 2022, 42 (3):  215-219.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210824-01075 Abstract ( 121 )   PDF (800KB) ( 110 )   The 2020 edition of College English Teaching Guide states that college English should give full play to the important role of modern information technology in English teaching and vigorously promote the intensive integration of modern information technology with curriculum teaching. Based on the teaching practice of medical English, this paper takes the microlecture “The mystery of diabetes” as an example, which was awarded the first prize in the Fifth China Foreign Language Microlecture Competition organized by the Higher Education Academy in 2019 to analyze the concept and connotations of microlectures and to elucidate the designing principles of topic selection, script composition and production of medical English microlectures, thereby proposing the ideas of application-orientation, centeredness on students' needs, form and function integration, practicality-prioritization and putting forward some thoughts on the application of medical English microlectures in teaching practice. An excellent microlecture should be effectively utilized and fed back to teaching. The “four in one” microlecture teaching concept helps to improve the teaching effect of medical English microlectures. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The mediating role of deep learning in the relationship between professional identity and competency in medical students Zhang Wenjie, Lai Yaning, Qing Ping 2022, 42 (3):  220-223.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210726-00932 Abstract ( 151 )   PDF (815KB) ( 162 )   Objective To explore the mediating role of deep learning in the relationship between professional identity and competency in medical students. Methods The students were those enrolled in 2018 into West China School of Medicine in Sichuan University and were surveyed by the questionnaires regarding their professional identity, deep learning and competency. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between potential variables. The structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to test the relationship among the variables. Results The score of competency, professional identity and deep learning of medical students was (66.38±11.67), (12.68±2.32), (43.97±6.43) respectively. Professional identity (r=0.50) and deep leaning (r=0.51) were positive correlated with competency, professional identity was positive correlated with deep learning (r=0.34), all P＜0.001. Professional identity (β=0.39, P＜0.001) and deep learning (β=0.41, P＜0.001) had a direct positive effect on competency, Professional identity had a direct positive effect on deep learning (β=0.28, P＜0.001), and professional identity had indirect positive effect (β=0.12, P<0.001) on competency through the mediating role of deep learning. Conclusions Professional identity and deep learning may improve the competency of medical students. The effect of professional identity on competency should be more recognized by strengthening deep learning. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current status and analysis of influencing factors on major recognition by undergraduates of basic medicine Lu Chenlin, Guo Hong, He Jinyan, Li Xiaoxia 2022, 42 (3):  224-227.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210727-00937 Abstract ( 122 )   PDF (816KB) ( 127 )   Objective To review the current status and analyze the influencing factors on major recognition by undergraduates of basic medicine. Methods In April 2020, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 140 undergraduates majoring in basic medicine from 23 colleges and universities in China based on the Major Identity Scale of College Students. The data were analyzed by non-parametric test and cumulative logistic regression analysis of ordered variables. Results The score of major identification of basic medical undergraduates contains 117.0(26.0) points. The degree of professional identity of medical students with passing grades was 0.198 times higher than that of excellent grades (OR=0.198,95%CI=0.079~0.495);The degree of professional identity of the third grade medical students was 0.284 times higher than that of the first grade medical students (OR=0.284, 95%CI=0.121~0.665);The degree of professional identity of medical students majoring in basic medicine who choose their major according to their parents' intention is 0.101 times higher than that of medical students who choose their major independently (OR=0.101, 95%CI=0.037~0.278). The degree of professional identity of medical students from cities is 2.511 times higher than that of medical students from rural areas (OR=2.511, 95%CI=1.204~5.233).The degree of professional identity of medical students in independent medical colleges was 0.385 times that of medical students in medical colleges of universities (OR=0.385, 95%CI=0.169~0.881). Conclusions The degree of professional recognition of undergraduates majoring in basic medicine is above middle level. Academic performance, grade and professional intention selection are the important factors affecting the degree of professional recognition of undergraduates majoring in basic medicine. The degree of professional recognition of medical students in independent medical colleges is lower than that in comprehensive universities. It is necessary to pay more attention to senior students and the students from rural areas combined with support from society and family to improve medical students' professional identity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of career expectation and career maturity of undergraduates in nursing school before and after internship training Chen Qiuhong, Wang Yanru, Li Xiaojing 2022, 42 (3):  228-231.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210908-01135 Abstract ( 137 )   PDF (812KB) ( 99 )   Objective To explore the impact of clinical practice training on students' psychology by comparing the career expectation and career maturity of undergraduates in nursing school before and after the internship period and to improve the education with the current education model. Methods A total of 185 undergraduate students majoring in nursing from grade 2017, School of Nursing, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology were selected as the research subjects. Questionnaire survey was conducted before and after the internship using the occupational expectation scale and the occupational maturity scale. Paired-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the total scores of career expectations and career maturity and the scores of each dimension before and after the internship. Results The career expectation of the undergraduates before and after internship training were 39.0(30.0,44.0) and 43.0(36.0,47.0) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.003). The career maturity of nursing students before and after internship was 104.0(98.0,115.0) and 102.0(95.0,109.0) respectively and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusions Clinical practice can improve the career expectation of nursing undergraduates, but has no significant influence on career maturity. Nursing colleges should focus on the improvement of career expectations of nursing undergraduates during their studies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the status quo of clinical epidemiology teaching in China Li Zhiqiang, Wang Shengshu, Gong Xinran, Wang Jianhua, Song Yang, Chen Shimin, Liu Shaohua, Li Xuehang, He Yao, Liu Miao 2022, 42 (3):  232-235.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210909-01136 Abstract ( 138 )   PDF (819KB) ( 120 )   Clinical epidemiology is a medical course that developed on the basis of clinical medicine and epidemiology. It is of great significance to build students' capacity of clinical research, train their innovative thinking and provide methodological support for clinical research. However, current education model and teaching methods of clinical epidemiology in domestic are still on the way of development. In order to meet the needs of the development of clinical medicine, it is necessary to improve the teaching effect and quality, promote the quality of clinical performance. This paper summarizes the basic teaching elements in current education system such as the cognition of clinical epidemiology course, teaching effect, capacity building of research in domestic medical schools, as well as the application of different teaching methods. It may provides a reference for the popularization and development of the clinical epidemiology. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of a goal-oriented progressive teaching method in training of perioperative critical ultrasonography for anesthesia residents Liu Yue, Song Fen, Yang Yan, Zhang Juan, Zhu Beibei, Zhang Wei 2022, 42 (3):  236-240.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210305-00299 Abstract ( 123 )   PDF (831KB) ( 135 )   Objective To explore the application effect of goal-oriented progressive teaching in perioperative critical ultrasonography training for anesthesia residents, so as to provide experience and basis for further optimizing the teaching applied in the residents' training of perioperative critical ultrasonography. Methods Forty anesthesia residents enrolled into the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University from April 2018 to December 2020 were randomly divided into goal-oriented progressive teaching group (experimental group, n=20) and traditional teaching group (control group, n=20) using the random digits table. The scores of perioperative critical ultrasonography test of two groups were compared and a questionnaire survey about satisfaction from the teaching was conducted after the training. Independent sample t-test, Mann Whitney test and χ2 test was used for inter-group comparison. Results The total score of examination from the experimental group was higher than that from the control group [(88.1±3.2) vs. (83.1±4.1), t=4.28, P<0.001). The results of questionnaire survey showed that the residents in the experimental group were more satisfied with their teaching method than those in the control group [(31.4±3.7) vs. (25.6±3.4), t=5.08, P<0.001). Conclusions The goal-oriented progressive teaching can improve the quality and effect of training of perioperative critical ultrasonography and has high teaching satisfaction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A literature review on development and implementation of debriefing as an instructional approach in simulation-based medical education Long Xiaohuan, Wang Xifu, Guan Tianyue, Wu Junhua, Li Li 2022, 42 (3):  241-245.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210826-01080 Abstract ( 1044 )   PDF (827KB) ( 1183 )   Debriefing is an foundamental instructional approach of simulation-based medical education in the field of healthcare simulation. In order to improve the understanding of debriefing as an instructional approach and ensure the quality of simulation-based medical education, this paper reviews the relevant critical literatures of debriefing in simulation-based medical education, and outlined the essential elements and current development status of debriefing, debriefing models, different methods used in analyze phase of debriefing, as well as the research progress of debriefing in China and abroad. Despite various debriefing models, “debriefing with good judgment” would be more likely to assure better learner improvement. In the process of debriefing, directive feedback, students' self-assessment, and focused facilitation can be reasonably used. However, there are still room for future research on how these practices could be translated and better applied in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration of allergy problem sets software assisted teaching in allergy course Li Lisha, Guan Kai, Wang Zixi, Cui Le, Xu Yingyang 2022, 42 (3):  246-249.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210817-01033 Abstract ( 60 )   PDF (781KB) ( 47 )   The allergy problem sets software has been applied in the teaching of allergy course in Peking Union Medical College for one year, and has been praised by teachers and students. Taking 91 students of grade 2016 from eight-year program of clinical medicine in Peking Union Medical College as an example, this study elaborated the design and implementation of allergy problem sets software assisted teaching in allergy course, and evaluated the application effect through test score, error rate and questionnaire survey. The results showed that, the allergy test scores of students using the software were higher than those of students who did not use the software [92.0(89.0,93.0)vs.79.0(75.3,83.5)respectively,P<0.001]; while the time needed to complete the test was less in the students using the software than those who did not use the software [20.0(16.0,30.0)minutes vs.56.0(41.5,74.5) minutes respectively,P<0.001]. The survey about the allergy problem sets software showed that one hundred percent (37/37) of users believed that the allergy problem sets software was an effective supplement to traditional classroom teaching and improved their ability to use knowledge of allergy in clinical practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of intelligent mobile terminal combined with quick response code in anesthesia practice teaching Huang Jinghao, Lin Xianzhong, Gao Youguang, Lin Lanying 2022, 42 (3):  250-253.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210906-01129 Abstract ( 67 )   PDF (812KB) ( 50 )   Objective To evaluate the effect of application of intelligent mobile terminal combined with quick response code in anesthesia practice teaching. Methods Totally 26 undergraduate students majoring in anesthesiology enrolled in 2016 from Fujian Medical University were randomly divided into experimental group and control group with 13 in each. The experimental group scanned the code of training database for information at any time during anesthesia practice training as required and participated in clinical practice according to routine procedures, while the control group only participated in clinical practice in a conventional way. At the end of practice training, the theoretical examination, case simulation assessment and questionnaire survey were used to evaluate the effects of different teaching methods. Results The scores of the theoretical examination and the case simulation assessment in experimental group were higher [(82.46±9.61) vs. (71.69±7.10), (78.38±5.08) vs. (72.85±4.02)]than those in control group(P<0.05). Compared with the students in control group, the autonomous learning capacity and the effect of practice training of students in experimental group was higher [8.00(8.00, 10.00) vs. 8.00(6.00, 8.00), 8.00(8.00, 10.00) vs. 8.00(7.00, 8.00), (P<0.05)]. Conclusions The intelligent mobile terminal combined with quick response code applied in anesthesia practice training improves the quality of training and the autonomous learning capacity of students. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The application of virtual and 3D printing model in clinical training otorhinolaryngology residents Wu Shuo, Wang Peiji, Xie Dielai 2022, 42 (3):  254-257.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210616-00758 Abstract ( 82 )   PDF (786KB) ( 76 )   Objective To investigate the application of virtual and 3D printing model in clinical standardized training of otorhinolaryngology residents. Methods Forty-two rhinologists residents in standardized training (from January 2017 to September 2021) were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group were trained by virtual and 3D printing model, while adopting traditional training methods in the control group. Then the questionnaire and the image reading of nasal sinus CT were used to evaluate the training effect. The chi-square test was used for comparison among groups of counting data, and independent sample t-test was used for measurement data between groups. Results The questionnaire showed that the scores of the experimental group and the control group were (18.43±1.40) and (12.43±1.21) respectively. In the comprehensive evaluation of the image reading effect, the scores of the experimental group and control group were (93.52±2.62) and (81.43±2.27). These differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.001). Conclusions The training method of virtual modeling combined with 3D printing model has been recognized by the residents, which would greatly improve the understanding of anatomy knowledge of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of PDCA cycle combined with experiential learning in clinical practice teaching of endocrinology Guo Ying, Qing Yonghong, Ren Meng, Yan Li 2022, 42 (3):  258-262.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210623-00802 Abstract ( 162 )   PDF (833KB) ( 129 )   Objective To explore the application effect of plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle combining with experiential learning in clinical practice teaching of endocrinology. Methods Test control method was used. The study subjects were 111 students enrolled in 2013～2014 of five-year program of clinical medicine and was training as interns in the Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from January 2018 to December 2019. There were 57 students divided into the experimental group and 54 into control group using a randomized digital table. Students in the experimental group received PDCA cycle combining with experiential learning teaching, while those in the control group received classic teacher-centered teaching. T test, Mann-Whitney U test were performed to compare the scores between the two groups, and a satisfaction survey was also conducted. Results The experimental group scored higher than the control group in clinical capacity assessment [(55.18±3.61) vs. (45.37±2.95)] and the total results [(89.30±4.99) vs. (79.48±4.17)](all P<0.001). But there was no difference in the theoretical assessment between the two groups [(34.12±2.20) vs. (34.11±2.47), P=0.972]. Meanwhile, the experimental group scored higher in satisfaction survey [(93.86±3.76) vs. (86.47±3.07)] than the control group, including teaching planning design [21.74(2.71) vs. 15.22(6.52)], improvement of clinical practice [4.35(1.09) vs. 2.17(1.09)] and learning interest [4.35(1.09) vs. 3.26(1.09)](all P<0.001). Conclusions PDCA cycle combined with experiential learning improves practice effect and students' satisfaction, which may improve the training outcomes on teaching planning design, clinical practice capacity and learning interest. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A pilot study to implement entrustable professional activities in pediatric residency program in China Li Shan, Zhou Wenjing, Qi Xin, Jiang Zhehan, Qi Jianguang 2022, 42 (3):  263-267.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210704-00839 Abstract ( 144 )   PDF (840KB) ( 181 )   Objective Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) applied for residency training consisting of 15 EPAs was developed by Peking University First Hospital (PKUFH) in 2020. A pilot study was implemented with PKUFH Pediatric Residency Program aiming for its efficacy and to orient clinical training. Methods Totally 55 residents who joined PKUFH Pediatric Residency Program from July 2020 to December 2020 were enrolled with some clinical trainers. The self-assessment and trainer's assessment was conducted. An 8-scale supervision scale was used and Kruskal Wallis test was applied for comparing the self-assessment and trainer's assessment. Mann-Whitney U test was conducted to compare the assessment results from different residents. Results The scores of both trainer-assessment and self-assessment by the trainees score increase year by year in each EPAs. Post-graduate year 5 (PGY5)residents showed highest supervision level, with the highest trainer-assessment in EPA 11(7.3±0.7) and highest self-assessment in EPA10(7.5±0.5). A good discrimination between each group in all EPAs items (Kruskal-Wallis test, P<0.05) was found. A significant difference (Bonferroni P correction, P<0.0125) was found between second year and first year residents except EPA10 (Obtain informed consent for tests and or procedure). No significant difference was found between in groups. All residents showed a low assessment score in EPA4 (making a medical decision), EPA8 (recognize a patient requiring urgent or emergent care and initiate evaluation and management) and EPA15 (public health events management). Conclusions EPAs are feasible in the assessment of pediatric residents. Specialized training on medical decision making, critical care and public health events should be strengthened in order to fill the gap found in this research. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation and analysis of current situation and project implementation frequency of standardized resident training for radiological clinicians in China Yan Yongqing, Zhang Jingfeng, Zheng Jianjun, Yang Zhenghan, Wang Zhenchang 2022, 42 (3):  268-271.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210817-01035 Abstract ( 104 )   PDF (786KB) ( 60 )   Objective To investigate the general situation of radiology residents in a nationwide standard residency training (SRT) program and the completion of the resident training tasks, so as to provide a reference for further improvement of standardization of SRT program. Methods A questionnaire survey was released to 308 SRT bases institutions to find potential differences in the completion of training tasks and the general situation. Totally 1 residents completed SRT course were selected as the study subjects. χ2 analysis, one-way ANOVA, and the rank-sum test were used to analyze the results and to identify causes concerned. Results According to different training regions, there were significant differences in age (F=6.31, P<0.001), education experience (χ2=61.76, P<0.001), marriage (χ2=28.96, P=0.004) and annual income (χ2=64.45, P<0.001) of the trainees involved in the investigation. The most variable performance frequency across regions was “radiological protection guidance” (the highest was 3.84±0.13 in central China and the lowest was 3.25±0.07 in east China 3.χ2=24.24,P<0.001) and “writing research papers concerning training” (The highest was 3.01±0.13 in northeast China, and the lowest was 2.41±0.14 in south China, χ2=19.86,P=0.003). Conclusions There are great differences in the general situation of radiology residents' training and in the completion of regular residential training tasks at different regions of China. The SRT policy need to be improved in three aspects: promoting stratified teaching, improving the training entrance standard as well evaluation system in training bases and development of training policy with professional radiology characteristics. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Diverse simulation teaching applied in the core competence oriented training for critical care specialist physician Liu Ning, Shen Yan, Xu Ying, Liu Yang, Zhou Chen, Gu Qin, Zhou Yujie 2022, 42 (3):  272-275.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210412-00474 Abstract ( 123 )   PDF (818KB) ( 127 )   From January 2019 to January 2020,fifty-two critical care specialist physicians engaged in Department of Critical Care Medicine of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, were selected as the subjects for the evaluation of the core competence and to establish diverse simulation teaching for the competence oriented training. Diverse forms of simulation teaching were used. The theoretical test results showed that the score after training(92.27±4.42) was improved (P<0.05)as compared with that before the training(82.90±13.51); The results showed that the scores of clinical skill and doctor-patient communication[(91.25±3.79)and (91.47±1.67)]were also higher than that before training[(79.33±6.32)and (88.08±1.66)](P<0.05). According to the results of questionnaire survey, 82.6% (43/52) of the physicians were very satisfied from the diverse simulation teaching and 84.6%(44/52) believed that the teaching stimulated their learning interesting. The score given by trainees for teaching methods was (4.83±0.38) and that for teaching effectiveness was (4.81±0.44). Diverse simulation teaching is recognized by trainees as an effective method to improve the core competence of critical care physicians. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on the regulation to guide the training content used for standardized resident training in gastroenterology Wang Ting, Wan Wenhui, Yang Xun, Ji Caishuo, Mei Xueling 2022, 42 (3):  276-279.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210823-01065 Abstract ( 88 )   PDF (812KB) ( 69 )   Objective To formulate the regulation guiding the content for standardized resident training in gastroenterology. Methods The regulation guiding the content for the standardized resident training in gastroenterology was formulated based on The Gastroenterology Core Curriculum (3rd edition) through Delphi expert consultation. Results The positive coefficient of experts was 100%, and authority coefficient (CR) was 0.91. The coordination degree for the first round of expert advice was W=0.281 and that for the second round of expert advice was W=0.397. The final version of regulations cover 14 categories, i.e., “peptic ulcer disease”, “biliary tract disease and pancreatic disease”, “endoscopy”, “liver disease”, “inflammation and intestinal infectious diseases”, “malignancy”, “sports and functional disorder”, “nutrition”, “pathology”, “radiation”, “operation”, “digestive system diseases in children”, “digestive system diseases of female” and “digestive system diseases of elderly people” and 129 rules for training concerning knowledge level ranked as 36 indicators for “proficient”, 80 indicators for ”familiar” and 13 indicators for “understanding”. Conclusions The regulation used for standardized resident training in gastroenterology has been formulated which may function as a good reference to guide the training of competent gastroenterologists in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the emergency physicians' competency of resuscitation in critical ill patients based on hybrid simulation technology Liu Jihai, Chen Zhiqiao, Ji Shengchao, Wang Gang, Chai Jingjing, Shi Di, Chen Chi, Du Tiekuan, Liu Anlei, Zhu Huadong 2022, 42 (3):  280-284.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210510-00605 Abstract ( 254 )   PDF (836KB) ( 313 )   Objective To evaluate the critical patients' resuscitation competency of emergency physicians based on a hybrid simulation technology carried out by three large-scale first-class hospitals in China. Methods In this study, 95 emergency physicians at different levels from three large-scale and first-class hospitals in China participated in the standardized scenario simulation assessment in 2018. One way ANOVA was used to compare the scores of emergency physicians at different levels and from different hospitals. Results The total score of the 95 emergency physicians was (62.65±18.34), and the passing rate was 60.0%(57/95). The average score of emergency physicians with one year training was (55.07±20.86) and that of emergency physicians with two year training was (68.53±18.13) and those with three years training and above was (64.43±14.91). The results of comparison between groups of emergency physicians with different years of training showed statistical differences (P<0.05). The average score of emergency physicians from Peking Union Medical College Hospital was (61.70±14.00), the average score of emergency physicians from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University was (50.11 ± 17.06), and the average score of emergency physicians from Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University was (77.08 ± 12.90). The results of emergency physicians from different hospitals showed significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions Emergency physicians' competency for critically ill patients resuscitation is generally insufficient and the emergency physicians from different hospitals and with different training years show a heterogeneous profile, which suggests the necessity of standardized training in this field. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Enlightenment from the termination of United States Medical Licensing Examination Clinical Skills Test Feng Pan 2022, 42 (3):  285-288.  DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20210902-01105 Abstract ( 126 )   PDF (815KB) ( 102 )   In January 2021, United States Medical Licensing Examination Clinical Skills test was terminated. The test has played a key role in the evaluation of physician' competence, and has been a model for medical examinations since its launch. Although difficulty caused by COVID-19 outbreak is the leading cause, the test has been fighting its way in terms of test cost, content validity, and effective feedback. Test termination policy will transfer burden of competence evaluation to medical schools and thus deeply affect medical education, will reduce the quality of licensure exam and licensed physicians, and will bring inconvenience to international medical personnel flow. The policy inspires us to fully understand the importance of clinical skill assessment and to improve competency evaluation in licensure exams, to pay more attention to social consequences of the test and to attach importance to the integration of validity evidence in the organization and implementation of examinations, to effectively play the role of examination feedback and cooperate with medical schools to enhance the ability of medical graduates. References | Related Articles | Metrics