中华医学教育杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 344-349.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20240305-00216

• 医学教育管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国高等医学教育政策主题及其演进分析

陈皓阳, 刘佳楠, 段严寒, 王思璠, 吴海江, 张新平   

  1. 河北医科大学医教协同与医学教育研究中心,石家庄 050017
  • 出版日期:2025-05-01 发布日期:2025-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 张新平, Email: hbghzhang@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    2024年河北省教育厅科学研究项目(SQ2024296)

Analysis of policy topics and their evolution in China′s higher medical education

Chen Haoyang, Liu Jianan, Duan Yanhan, Wang Sifan, Wu Haijiang, Zhang Xinping   

  1. Medicine-education Coordination and Medical Education Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
  • Online:2025-05-01 Published:2025-04-29
  • Contact: Zhang Xinping, Email: hbghzhang@126.com
  • Supported by:
    Funded by Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department in 2024(SQ2024296)

摘要: 目的 系统梳理我国高等医学教育政策文献,明确政策主题,分析政策主题内容发展脉络,为我国高等医学教育政策研究提供新视角。方法 从北大法宝数据库和官方资料中选取1978至2023年间高等医学教育相关政策文献,筛选159份具有代表性的政策文本,使用潜在狄利克雷分配(latent dirichlet allocation,LDA)模型进行主题挖掘,结合主题关键词分布和文档主题概率分布,明确政策主题和政策文本最为关键的内容,并对政策主题进行深入分析。结果 使用LDA模型提取15个潜在政策主题,最终归纳为8类政策主题,分别是医学研究生培养、基层医学人才体系建设、医学教育管理规范、医学教育质量管理、医学教育保障体系、医学教育思想政治建设、中医药人才培养、住院医师规范化培训,每个主题内容在不同时期呈现不同的重点。结论 我国高等医学教育政策主题具有全局性与系统性并重的特点,涉及我国医学人才培养的多个层次和维度;主题内容全面,呈现出动态变化的态势,既体现了政策的阶段渐进性,也反映了政策的调整适应性。

关键词: 政府政策, 高等医学教育, 主题分析, 潜在狄利克雷分配, 演进

Abstract: Objective Policy documents on higher medical education in China were systematically reviewed to identify key policy topics and analyze their evolutionary trajectories, thereby providing novel perspectives for policy research in this field. Methods A total of 159 representative policy texts spanning 1978-2023 were retrieved from the Peking University Fabao Database and official government archives. Latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic modeling was applied to extract latent topic structures. Core policy topics and their focal content were determined through systematic analysis of topic-specific keyword distributions and document-topic probability matrices. Results Fifteen potential policy themes were extracted by the LDA and ultimately classified into eight categories of policy themes: medical postgraduate education, grassroots medical workforce development, regulatory frameworks for medical education governance, quality assurance mechanisms in medical education, support systems for medical education infrastructure, ideological and political education in medical training, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) talent cultivation, and standardized residency training programs. Each topic exhibited distinct temporal emphases across policy periods, reflecting evolving priorities. Conclusions China′s higher medical education policies are characterized by comprehensive and systematic topic coverage, addressing multi-tiered dimensions of medical workforce development. The evolution of topics demonstrates both phased progression and adaptive recalibration, indicating policy responsiveness to societal demands and systemic reforms.

Key words: Policy, Higher medical education, Topic analysis, Latent dirichlet allocation (LDA), Evolution

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