部分国家和地区缓和医疗医师资质认证的经验和启示

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20211106-01364

中华医学教育杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 568-572.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20211106-01364

• 国外医学与比较医学教育 • 上一篇下一篇

部分国家和地区缓和医疗医师资质认证的经验和启示

余玥蓂, 宁晓红

中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院老年医学科,北京 100730

收稿日期:2021-11-06 出版日期:2022-06-01 发布日期:2022-05-27
通讯作者: 宁晓红, Email: ningxh1973@foxmail.com

Experience and enlightenment of palliative care physician certification in some countries and regions

Yu Yueming, Ning Xiaohong

Department of Geriatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China

Received:2021-11-06 Online:2022-06-01 Published:2022-05-27
Contact: Ning Xiaohong, Email: ningxh1973@foxmail.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 缓和医疗医师资质认证对医生的能力提出了基本的要求,在规范缓和医疗临床实践和学科发展中具有重要的意义。缓和医疗水平较高的国家和地区多已确立官方资质认证体系,但也逐渐展现出培训与认证时间周期长、专科医师缺乏等问题。本文分析比较部分国家和地区缓和医疗医师资质认证的报考条件、内容和标准3方面的共性与差异,并综述缓和医疗医师资质认证所面对的问题,以期为我国缓和医疗的发展带来参考与启示。

关键词: 缓和医疗, 安宁疗护, 资质认证, 初级缓和医疗

Abstract: Palliative care physician certification puts forward the basic competences of physicians, which is of great significance in standardizing palliative clinical practice and discipline development. Most countries with higher level of palliative care discipline have established official certification system, but the challenges from long term training cycle and lack of palliative care specialists, which have brought shortage of palliative care specialists. This paper presents the similarities and differences in palliative care certification from some countries and regions and reviews the barriers that must overcome to establish certification system, in order to bring enlightenment for the development of palliative care in China.

Key words: Palliative care, Hospice care, Certification, Primary palliative care

中图分类号:

余玥蓂, 宁晓红. 部分国家和地区缓和医疗医师资质认证的经验和启示[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2022, 42(6): 568-572.

Yu Yueming, Ning Xiaohong. Experience and enlightenment of palliative care physician certification in some countries and regions[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education, 2022, 42(6): 568-572.

参考文献

[1] World Health Organization. Palliative Care[EB/OL].(2020-08-05)[2021-05-11]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/palliative-care.
[2] Hughes MT, Smith TJ. The growth of palliative care in the United States[J].Annu Rev Public Health, 2014,35:459-475. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032013-182406.
[3] 宁晓红. 中国大陆应该大力发展安宁缓和医疗事业——北京协和医院的经验体会[J].中国医学伦理学,2019,32(3):293-298,318. DOI: 10.12026/j.issn.1001-8565.2019.03.03.
[4] 宁晓红. 中国缓和医疗的发展和思考[J].中国医学科学院学报,2019,41(5):723-725.
[5] Centeno C, Bolognesi D, Biasco G. Comparative analysis of specialization in palliative medicine processes within the World Health Organization European region[J]. J Pain Symptom Manage, 2015,49(5):861-870. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.10.019.
[6] Centeno C, Noguera A, Lynch T, et al. Official certification of doctors working in palliative medicine in Europe: data from an EAPC study in 52 European countries[J]. Palliat Med, 2007,21(8):683-687. DOI: 10.1177/0269216307083600.
[7] Nora LM, McGreal SF, Nugent SG. Board certification: going back to the future[J]. Ophthalmology, 2016,123(9 Suppl):S55-S60. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.06.016.
[8] Downar J. Resources for educating, training, and mentoring all physicians providing palliative care[J]. J Palliat Med, 2018,21(S1):S57-S62. DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2017.0396.
[9] Yamaguchi T, Kuriya M, Morita T, et al. Palliative care development in the Asia-Pacific region: an international survey from the Asia Pacific Hospice Palliative Care Network (APHN)[J]. BMJ Support Palliat Care, 2017,7(1):23-31. DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2013-000588.
[10] 汪存友. 科学设定职业资格考试合格标准[J].中国考试,2012(4):43-47.
[11] Lupu D. Estimate of current hospice and palliative medicine physician workforce shortage[J]. J Pain Symptom Manage, 2010,40(6):899-911. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.07.004.
[12] Quill TE, Abernethy AP. Generalist plus specialist palliative care--creating a more sustainable model[J]. N Engl J Med, 2013,368(13):1173-1175. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp1215620.
[13] Brown CR, Hsu AT, Kendall C, et al. How are physicians delivering palliative care? a population-based retrospective cohort study describing the mix of generalist and specialist palliative care models in the last year of life[J]. Palliat Med, 2018,32(8):1334-1343. DOI: 10.1177/0269216318780223.
[14] von Gunten CF. Secondary and tertiary palliative care in US hospitals[J]. JAMA, 2002,287(7):875-881. DOI: 10.1001/jama.287.7.875.
[15] Temel JS, Greer JA, Muzikansky A, et al. Early palliative care for patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer[J]. N Engl J Med, 2010,363(8):733-742. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1000678.
[16] Carroll T, El-Sourady M, Karlekar M, et al. Primary palliative care education programs: review and characterization[J]. Am J Hosp Palliat Care, 2019,36(6):546-549. DOI: 10.1177/1049909118809947.
[17] Bergenholtz H, Hølge-Hazelton B, Jarlbaek L. Organization and evaluation of generalist palliative care in a Danish hospital[J]. BMC Palliat Care, 2015,14:23-23. DOI: 10.1186/s12904-015-0022-2.
[18] Kang J, Kim Y, Yoo YS, et al. Developing competencies for multidisciplinary hospice and palliative care professionals in Korea[J]. Support Care Cancer, 2013,21(10):2707-2717. DOI: 10.1007/s00520-013-1850-3.
[19] Paal P, Brandstötter C, Lorenzl S, et al. Postgraduate palliative care education for all healthcare providers in Europe: Results from an EAPC survey[J]. Palliat Support Care, 2019,17(5):495-506. DOI: 10.1017/S1478951518000986.
[20] 宋爽, 宁晓红. 国外面向医学生的舒缓医学教育发展及启示[J].中国医学科学院学报,2018,40(3):385-399. DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.2018.03.015.
[21] 张杰, 彭琰, 王治仁, 等. 中日两国医学院校医学专业老年临终关怀教育的比较[J]. 中国老年学杂志,2010,30(6):818-820. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2010.06.039.
[22] 宁晓红, 董祈, 曲璇, 等. 高年资内科医师对安宁缓和医疗的认知及需求[J].中国临床保健杂志,2020,23(3):321-324. DOI: 10.3969/J.issn.1672-6790.2020.03.009.
[23] 王雨婷, 董碧蓉. 缓和医学概述[J].现代临床医学,2016,42(2):157-60. DOI: 10.11851/j.issn.1673-1557.2016.02.026.

部分国家和地区缓和医疗医师资质认证的经验和启示

Experience and enlightenment of palliative care physician certification in some countries and regions

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 8

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	马丽莉, 郭巧红, 郗兰馨, 陈芷谦. 基于能力提升需求的安宁疗护护士培训体系探究[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2021, 41(8): 725-728.
[2]	肖文莉, 周丽群, 孙咪咪, 陈莉莉, 林洁衡, 陈尧, 余玲. 广州中医药大学医学生安宁疗护课程教学效果分析[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2021, 41(12): 1090-1094.
[3]	宁晓红, 王蒙蒙, 江伟, 谭瑰贤. 英国全民生命末期品质照护培训项目在我国的实施效果分析[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2021, 41(10): 946-950.
[4]	梁思宇, 李红滟, 王巍, 郑莹, 葛楠, 曲璇, 邵亚娟, 秦瑛, 王磊, 刘薇, 宁晓红. 护理学专业实习生对缓和医疗的知识和认知及需求[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2020, 40(9): 679-683.
[5]	李则, 刘玉梅, 关建, 周亭, 汪年松, 范瑛. 医学生对缓和医疗及其在终末期肾病治疗中的认知度调查[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2020, 40(5): 349-353.
[6]	杨锡宇, 潘慧, 赵峻, 宁晓红. 医学生缓和医疗认知的调查研究[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2019, 39(2): 98-104.
[7]	王昊, 曾彦英, 王虹, 占伊扬. 住院医师规范化培训学员对缓和医疗认知的调查[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2019, 39(1): 60-63.
[8]	孙倩美, 常晶, 姜珊, 李琳, 李利红. 缓和医疗教学在内科住院医师人文医学技能培训中的应用研究[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2017, 37(4): 611-614.