中华医学教育杂志

中华医学教育杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 390-395.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20240106-00024

• 国外医学与比较医学教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

德国公立高校医学专业招生方式改革及其启示

胡亮1, 向科2, 许赟1, 厉岩3   

  1. 1华中科技大学同济医学院党委办公室、院长办公室,武汉 430030;
    2华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院生物医学研究中心,武汉 430030;
    3华中科技大学同济医学院,武汉 430030
  • 出版日期:2025-05-01 发布日期:2025-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 厉岩, Email: liyan@tjmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    2024年华中科技大学同济医学院中德医学教育联盟经费资助项目(20240418)

Reform of the admission methods of medical programs in German public universities and its implications

Hu Liang1, Xiang Ke2, Xu Yun1, Li Yan3   

  1. 1Dean′s Office, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
    2The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
    3Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
  • Online:2025-05-01 Published:2025-04-29
  • Contact: Li Yan, Email: liyan@tjmu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    The Special Project Sino-German Consortium on Medical Research and Education at Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 2024 (20240418)

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摘要： 医学生选拔是医学教育的重要环节,吸引优质生源是医学教育改革的重要任务。本文梳理了德国公立高校医学专业招生方式的改革历程,分析了不同阶段的招生举措和效果,介绍了现行的招生方式,即会考成绩录取、高校自主选拔、综合能力考核录取、特殊专项和乡村医生项目,以及医学专业入学考试、医学相关培训、工作经历等不同考核选拔指标。德国公立高校医学专业现行的招生方式、选拔指标多元,最大限度利用了医学教育资源,保障了医学教育的精英化和法律所倡导的教育公平,希望能够为我国医学专业招生改革和提高生源质量提供参考。

关键词: 德国, 医学专业, 招生方式, 生源质量, 医学教育改革, 启示

Abstract: The selection of medical students constitutes a fundamental component of medical education, and attracting high-caliber candidates is a significant task in the reform of medical education. This article provides an overview of the historical development of admission methods for medical programs in German public universities, analyzing the strategies and resultant outcomes across various phases. It introduces the current multidimensional admission methods, including admission based on academic performance evaluation through standardized secondary education assessments (Abitur in German), institution-specific admission criteria, comprehensive ability assessment, specialized programs as well as program aims at training rural physicians. Furthermore, it encompasses an examination of diverse assessment metrics, including the test for medical studies, medical-related vocational trainings, and professional experience. The current range of admission methods and selection criteria for medical programs in German public universities is characterized by its diversity, optimizing the deployment of medical educational resources and preserving the high standards of medical education, all while upholding the legal precept of educational equity. It is anticipated that these findings will provide valuable insights for the reform of medical admissions methods and the enhancement of the quality of medical students in China.

Key words: Germany, Human medicine, Admission methods, Student quality, Medical education reform, Implication

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