Objective To analyze the effectiveness of physicians' training in teaching ward rounds at internal medicine residency training base, and inform future improvement in the quality of teaching ward rounds. Methods In June 2020, 38 physicians from the internal medicine residency training base at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were selected as study subjects. They received large-group teaching ward rounds training, and their supervisory evaluation scores during different periods were collected. T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) methods were used for analysis. Results Through teaching rounds training, from 2020 to 2022, the total scores of supervisory evaluation were (76.84 ± 7.83), (78.89 ± 6.74), and (82.83 ± 5.10), respectively; the scores for ″cultivating residents' teaching ability″ were (3.05±1.00), (3.78±0.67) and (4.08±0.51), respectively; the scoresfor ″guide residents in reviewing medical images and analyzing various reports, encouraging them to present their own insights and diagnostic approaches″ were (3.62±0.64), (3.89±0.61) and (4.17±0.72), respectively; and there were statistical differences (all P<0.05). The scores for″linking clinical cases to theoretical foundations, address challenging issues and introduce new advancements in field of medicine″ were (3.97±0.50), (3.89±0.33), and (3.75±0.75), respectively; the scores for″pose systematical question integrated with case studies to residents, fostering both depth and breadth in problem-solving skills, nurturing their ability to think critically and comprehensively″ were (3.70±0.62), (4.00±0.50), and (3.92±0.67), respectively; and there were no statistical differences (all P>0.05). Conclusions Training for teaching ward rounds can improve the abilities of teaching ward rounds for instructors at internal medicine residency training base to some extent. However, the training effectiveness for specific components of teaching ward rounds varies, requiring the adoption of different targeted training methods.