本研究通过分析中美护理学专业认证体系的异同,对进一步完善我国护理学教育和专业认证体系提出建议。美国采用高等护理教育委员会和护理教育认证委员会并行的认证模式,强调动态调整及与行业衔接,覆盖了多层次护理教育;我国则以护理学本科专业认证体系为主,注重规范统一,但在覆盖范围、国际兼容性等方面有待提升。本研究提出,我国可以借鉴国际经验,优化专业认证分层标准,建立动态机制;促进护理临床实践能力的阶段性培养和跨学科学习;将专业认证结果与教育政策联动,推动学生培养与医疗需求对接,为“健康中国2030”培养高质量护理人才提供保障。
A comparative analysis of nursing education accreditation systems was conducted between China and the United States, and recommendations are proposed for enhancing China′s nursing education and accreditation framework. The US employs a parallel accreditation model through Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education and Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing, which comprehensively covers multi-level nursing programs and emphasizes dynamic standard adjustment and industry alignment. In contrast, China primarily focuses on undergraduate nursing accreditation and prioritizes standardization, while demonstrating limitations in scope and international compatibility. This study proposes that China can draw on international experiences to refine tiered accreditation standards and establish a dynamic mechanism for nursing education. Additionally, the need for progressive training in clinical competencies and the promotion of interdisciplinary learning is emphasized. By linking accreditation outcomes with educational policies, this approach aims to align nursing education with healthcare demands, thereby contributing to the cultivation of high-quality nursing talent for the Healthy China 2030 initiative.
[1] 贾金忠,曹炜,吴珂,等.健康需求视角下我国高等护理教育的挑战与对策[J].中华现代护理杂志,2016,22(11):1598-1601. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-2907.2016.11.031.
[2] 谢冰清.应对人口老龄化的长期护理保险的理念与路径[J].武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2024,77(3):174-184. DOI:10.14086/j.cnki.wujss.2024.03.017.
[3] van Ort S, Townsend J. Community-based nursing education and nursing accreditation by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education[J].J Prof Nurs, 2000,16(6):330-335. DOI:10.1053/jpnu.2000.18176.
[4] Farmer S, Ard N, Beasley SF, et al. ACEN accreditation perspectives: distance education[J].Teach Learn Nurs, 2022,17(4):341-343. DOI:10.1016/j.teln.2022.05.013.
[5] 郭桂芳,朱秀. 《护理学类教学质量国家标准》研制的意义[J].中华护理教育,2019,16(1):9-11. DOI:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2019.01.001.
[6] 王蓉. 护理学专业本科生对护理学专业教育标准的知识—态度—行为调查——以某医科大学为例[D].太原: 山西医科大学, 2017.
[7] 袁妤萱.全球高等医学教育的认证特点及启示[J].上海教育评估研究,2023,12(6):47-52. DOI:10.13794/j.cnki.shjee.2023.0072.
[8] National Council of State Boards of Nursing.NCLEX Stats 2023 Q4 Pass Rates[EB/OL].[2025-08-21].https://www.ncsbn.org/exams/exam-statistics-and-publications/nclex-pass-rates.page.
[9] Ard N, Nunn-Ellison K, Farmer S,et al. The new 2023 ACEN Standards and Criteria[J].Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 2023, 18(2):253-256. DOI:10.1016/j.teln.2022.12.004.
[10] Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education. Standards for Accreditation of Baccalaureate and Graduate Nursing Programs[EB/OL].[2025-08-21].https://www.aacnnursing.org/ccne-accreditation.
[11] 护理学专业介绍[EB/OL].[2025-08-23].https://gaokao.chsi.com.cn/zyk/zybk/ksyxPage?specId=73385172.
[12] 云南中医药大学护理学院. 护理学本科专业认证标准(2024版)(试行)[EB/OL].(2025-02-05)[2025-08-21].http://www.hlxy.ynucm.edu.cn/hlxzyrz/yzyh/122964.shtml.
[13] 中华人民共和国教育部. 教育部高等教育司2019年工作要点[EB/OL].(2019-04-19)[2025-08-21].http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A08/tongzhi/201904/t20190426_379670.html.
[14] 张立力,赵阳,刘欢,等.国家级一流护理学本科专业建设的实践与成效[J].护理学报,2022,29(3):19-23. DOI:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2022.03.019.
[15] 高斌,孙宏玉. 国内外教育领域专业认证综述[J].中华现代护理杂志,2021,27(3):415-420. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115682-20201027-05938.
[16] International Council of Nurses. ICN framework of competencies for the nurses specialist[R].Geneva:International Council of Nurses,2009:1.
[17] World Health Organization. Global strategic directions for nursing and midwifery 2021-2025[EB/OL].[2025-08-23].https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/344562/9789240033863-eng.pdf.
[18] 刘龙茜,张丽青. 药品生产企业GMP飞行检查的研究与分析[J].企业改革与管理,2016(24):222.
[19] 广东省卫生健康委员会. 三级医院评审标准(2022年版)广东省综合和专科医院实施细则[EB/OL].(2024-01-22)[2025-08-23].https://wsjkw.gd.gov.cn/gkmlpt/content/4/4338/post_4338032.html#4196.
[20] 国务院. 国家职业教育改革实施方案[EB/OL].(2019-01-24).[2025-08-21].https://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2019/content_5368517.htm.
[21] Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education. CCNE Accreditation[EB/OL].[2025-08-23].https://www.aacnnursing.org/ccne-accreditation.
[22] Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing. Board of Commissioners[EB/OL].[2025-08-23].https://www.acenursing.org/about/board-of-commissioners.
[23] Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education. 2024 Standards for Accreditation of Baccalaureate and Graduate Nursing Programs[EB/OL].[2025-08-23].https://www.aacnnursing.org/Portals/0/PDFs/CCNE/CCNE-Education-Standards-2024.pdf.
[24] Interprofessional Education Collaborative. IPEC core competencies for interprofessional collaborative practice: version 3[EB/OL].(2023-11-20)[2025-08-21].https://www.ipecollaborative.org/assets/core-competencies/IPEC_Core_Competencies_Version_3_2023.pdf.
