医疗卫生人才评价政策是保证卫生人才评价工作高效运行的行动准则,政策工具的选用直接影响政策执行效果。本研究以2009至2022年中央部委颁布的22份医疗卫生人才评价政策为资料来源,采用内容分析法,按照“政策工具-政策要素-时间序列”三维分析框架进行整体分析。结果表明,医疗卫生人才评价政策工具偏好于权威和命令型、系统变化型、象征和规劝型3类,激励型、能力建设型2类工具未得到足够重视,且各类子工具使用频次也存在较大差异;初始探索期(2009至2010年)政府强调评价保障建设,系统改革期(2011至2015年)、深化改革期(2016年至今)评价标准是政策关注重点,但评价主体、评价运用两政策要素缺少关注;政策要素与政策工具匹配不足,除评价标准、评价保障外,其他政策要素均未能完全覆盖5类政策工具。建议结合各类政策工具的特点优化政策工具的组合配置;适当增加对评价主体、评价运用两政策要素的关注度;加强政策工具与政策要素的契合性。

Medical and health personnel evaluation policy is the action criterion to ensure the efficient operation of health personnel evaluation work, and the choice of policy tools directly affects the effect of policy implementation. This study took as data source 22 medical and health talent evaluation policies issued by the Central ministries and commissions from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2022, adopts content analysis method, and makes an overall analysis of target policies according to the three-dimensional analysis framework of ″policy instrument-policy element-time series″. The results showed that the current medical and health personnel evaluation policy tools preferred authority and command type, system change type and symbol and exhortation type, incentive type and capacity building type have not received enough attention, and the frequency of use for various sub-tools were also different. In the initial exploration period(from 2009 to 2010), the government emphasized the construction of evaluation guarantee, and the evaluation criteria in the system reform period(from 2011 to 2015) and the deepening reform period(since 2016) were the focus of policy attention, but the evaluation subject and the evaluation application were not concerned. There was insufficient matching between policy elements and policy instruments. Except for evaluation criteria and evaluation guarantees, other policy elements failed to fully cover the five types of policy instruments.Policy makers should optimize the combination and allocation of policy tools according to the characteristics of various policy tools, appropriately increase the attention to the two policy elements of evaluation subject and evaluation application, and strengthen the alignment between policy tools and policy elements.