目的 了解美国在医学生老年医学教育方面的要求与实践,探讨其对我国医学教育的可借鉴之处。方法 采用文献分析法,查阅相关文献并对其进行分析研究。结果 美国老年医学会教育委员会和学者研究制订了老年医学核心胜任力和最基本能力要求。绝大多数医学院校具有明确的老年医学教学目标,主要通过将老年医学知识和能力融入到相关医学课程中的做法,采用多种教学方法使老年医学教育贯穿于医学生的整个学习过程。结论 美国重视医学生老年医学教育,在胜任力和能力要求、课程设置、教学方式等方面进行了积极探索与实践。在我国临床医学专业本科教育中,应当认识到加强老年医学普及性教育的重要性与迫切性,尽快制定老年医学本科教育标准,以促进和规范老年医学教学工作。同时,应当积极借鉴国外经验,创新老年医学教学方式,采用将老年医学知识融入到相关课程的做法,在临床医学专业本科教育的全过程加强老年医学知识和能力的传授。
Objective To summarize requirements and practice in American geriatric medical education for medical students and discuss its implications to China.Methods Use document analysis method. Summarize and analyze retrieved relevant publications and on-line resources.Results The American Geriatrics Society and relevant scholars developed core competencies and minimum required geriatric medical abilities for medical graduates, respectively. Most medical schools had well-outlinedObjectives in geriatric medical education, and mainly relied on integrated courses for the teaching of geriatric medicine, and used both traditional and new pedagogies to ensure geriatric medical education was included in the whole process of education for medical students.Conclusions The United States attaches importance to geriatric medical education for medical students. Active exploration and practice is conducted in developing competency standard and ability requirement, curriculum, education model and pedagogy. The importance and urgency of enhancing geriatric medical education for all undergraduate medical students should be well realized in China. Geriatric medical education criteria for medical undergraduate should be issued in order to promote and standardize geriatric medical education. Geriatric educational model and pedagogy also should be innovated based on international experiences. Geriatric medical knowledge should be integrated into relevant medical courses in order to enhance the teaching of the knowledge in the whole process of undergraduate medical education.
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