目的 调查某医学院临床医学专业五年级学生对缓和医学知识的认知情况。方法 采用问卷调查方法对某医学院五年级临床医学专业的300名医学生进行调查。主要内容涉及医学生的一般资料、对死亡的态度及对缓和医学的了解情况等。结果 58.7%(168/286)的医学生未参加过死亡教育或临终关怀相关的课程或培训;62.6%(179/286)的医学生没有阅读过有关死亡的文章或书籍;15.7%(45/286)的医学生知道缓和医学的概念;93.0%(266/286)的医学生未接受过缓和医学方面的教育培训。结论 医学院校应当加强临床医学专业学生关于缓和医学的教育,采取有效措施促进临床医学专业学生对缓和医学知识的掌握。
Objective To investigate the awareness and knowledge of palliative medicine of the medical student in the 5th grade in a medical university.Methods Questionnaries were sent to 300 college students major in clinical medicine in the 5th grade. The questionnaire was designed by the investigator of this study. It included 3 parts: first, their demographic data; second, attitude toward death, education received about death, and experiences on caring terminal patients; third, awareness and knowledge to palliative medicine.Results 58.7% (168/286) medical students didn’t take any training or courses about death or terminal care and 62.6% (179/286) medical students hadn’t read any books or articles about death. 15.7% (45/286) medical students indicated that they knew the concept of palliative medicine, but 93.0% (266/286) medical students hadn’t received any education about it.Conclusions The medical university should strengthen the education of palliative medicine and take effective measures to promote the mastery of medical knowledge of palliative medicine.
[1] Donnelly M, Martin D.History taking and physical assessment in holistic palliative care[J]. British Journal of Nursing,2016,25(22):1250-1255. DOI:10.12968/bjon.2016.25.22.1250.
[2] 王雨婷,董碧蓉.缓和医学概述[J]. 现代临床医学,2016,4(2):157-160. DOI:10.11851/j.issn.1673-1557.2016.02.026.
[3] Klenk L, Lucolano NM, Braun CT, et al.Emergency department as final destination: Perception and reception of the palliative patient concept as well as approach toward improving interdisciplinary collaboration——A survey of emergency personnel of a Swiss emergency department[J]. Praxis,2015,104(1):19-25. DOI:10.1024/1661-8157/a001884.
[4] Silva E, Neves M, Silva D.Nurses’ perceptions of advance directives[J]. Aten Primaria,2014,46(S5):145-149. DOI:10.1016/S0212-6567(14)70082-4.
[5] Fajardo Contreras MC, Valverde Bolívar FJ, Jiménez Rodríguez JM, et al.Knowledge level and professional attitudes to the living will: Differences between different professionals and provinces in the same autonomous community[J]. Semergen,2015,41(3):139-148. DOI:10.1016/j.semerg.2014.05.003.
[6] 余木华,孟祥林,袁慧,等.四川省某三级甲等医院见习和实习本科医学生对癌痛认知程度的调查[J]. 中华医学教育杂志,2016,36(3):448-451. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2016.03.034.
Yu MH, Meng XL, Yuan H, et al.The medical students’ cognition change in cancer pain through the clerkship and noviciate from a first-class hospital in Sichuan [J]. Chin J Med Edu, 2016,36(3):448-451. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2016.03.034.
[7] 桂欣钰,杨晶,杨丹,等.中国本土舒缓医学的发展现状和前景[J]. 医学与哲学,2016,37(12B):83-87. DOI:10.12014/j.issn.1002-0772.2016.12B.27.
Gui XY, Yang J, Yang D, et al.The present developing status and prospect of palliative medicine in mainland China[J]. Medicine and Philosophy, 2016,37 (12B):83-87. DOI:10.12014/j.issn.1002-0772.2016.12B.27.
[8] 武燕燕,张炜.某三甲医院老年专科病房护士对缓和医学认知情况的调查分析[J]. 北京医学,2016,38(10):1085-1088. DOI:10.15932/j.0253-9713.2016.10.030.
Wu YY, Zhang W.Survey on the awareness of “palliative care” of the nurses in the department of geriatric in one third class a hospital in Beijing[J]. Beijing Medical Journal, 2016,38(10):1085-1088. DOI:10.15932/j.0253-9713.2016.10.030.
[9] 张杰,彭琰,王治仁,等.中日两国医学院校医学专业老年临终关怀教育的比较[J]. 中国老年医学志,2010,30(6):818-820.
[10] Horowitz R, Gramling R, Quill T.Palliative care education in U.S medical school[J]. Medical Education,2014,48(1):59-66. DOI:10.1111/medu.12292.
[11] 叶华丹,殷海燕.美澳两国本科姑息护理课程现状及启示[J]. 解放军护理杂志,2014,31(12):65-67.
[12] 苏永刚,马娉,陈晓阳.英国临终关怀现状分析及对中国的启示[J]. 山东社会科学,2012(2):48-54.
