我国儿科住院医师CAP培训扩展的实践价值与实施路径

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20250217-00157

中华医学教育杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 53-58.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20250217-00157

我国儿科住院医师CAP培训扩展的实践价值与实施路径

潘美蓉¹, 唐妮², 齐建光³, 陈蔚然², 朱正杰², 曹庆久⁴, 司天梅⁵

¹北京大学第六医院儿童精神病学研究室北京大学精神卫生研究所国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学) 国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),北京 100191;
²北京大学第六医院教育处,北京 100191;
³北京大学第一医院儿童医学中心儿科,北京 100032;
⁴北京大学第六医院儿童科,北京 100191;
⁵北京大学第六医院精神药理研究室,北京 100191

收稿日期:2025-02-17 出版日期:2026-01-01 发布日期:2025-12-31
通讯作者: 司天梅, Email: si.tian-mei@163.com
基金资助:
美国中华医学基金会(#22-494,#23-537);北京大学医学部毕业后教育研究课题(2024ZP01)

Practical values and implementation pathways of expanding child and adolescent psychiatry training among pediatric residents in China

Pan Meirong¹, Tang Ni¹, Qi Jianguang², Chen Weiran¹, Zhu Zhengjie¹, Cao Qingjiu¹, Si Tianmei¹

¹Research Section of Child Psychiatry, Peking University Sixth Hospital & Peking University Institute of Mental Health & National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University) & National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China;
²Department of Education, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China;
³Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100032, China;
⁴Department of Child Psychiatry, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China;
⁵Psychopharmacology Section, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China

Received:2025-02-17 Online:2026-01-01 Published:2025-12-31
Contact: Si Tianmei, Email: si.tian-mei@163.com
Supported by:
China Medical Board (Grant #22-494, #23-537); Postgraduate Medical Education Research Project of Peking University Health Science Center (2024ZP01)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鉴于儿童青少年精神障碍的高患病率及其带来的沉重社会负担,加强儿童青少年精神卫生服务资源建设尤为迫切,其中培养儿科住院医师在儿童青少年精神病学(child and adolescent psychiatry,CAP)领域的专业知识与技能是关键途径。在国际范围内,在儿科住院医师中扩展CAP培训已积累了一系列经验,为我国相关工作开展提供了借鉴。本文全面梳理了国际儿科住院医师CAP培训拓展的实践和研究进展,并基于我国儿科住院医师培训现状、基础及保障,就在我国儿科医师中扩展CAP培训提出了可行性实施路径,包括开展系统性调研、制定培训方案、完善考核认证等。通过一系列举措,推动我国儿科住院医师CAP培训的系统开展,为扩展我国儿童青少年精神卫生服务资源、推进分级诊疗提供有力的人才保障,进而促进人才培养体系的完善与医疗资源的优化配置。

关键词: 儿科学, 精神病学, 儿童青少年精神病学, 住院医师, 培训, 实施路径

Abstract: The high prevalence and significant social burden of mental disorders among children and adolescents underscore the importance of expanding child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) resources. To attain this objective, enhancing the knowledge and skills of pediatric residents in child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) is paramount. Expansion of CAP training among pediatric residents has amassed a solid foundation overseas, offering invaluable experience for its implementation in China. This article systematically reviews the practice and research of the CAP training among pediatric residents on an international scale, and, based on this, proposes actionable implementation pathways on how to expand CAP training among pediatric residents in our country by integrating China's specific contextual needs, foundation, and support. These include conducting systematic investigations, formulating structured training programs, and refining assessment and certification mechanisms, etc. The study aims to promote the systematic development of CAP training programs among pediatric residents in China through the above series of measures. It is expected to provide robust workforce support for expanding CAMHS resources and achieving hierarchical diagnosis and treatment. Ultimately, this effort will contribute to building a comprehensive workforce cultivation system and optimizing the allocation of healthcare resources.

Key words: Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Child and adolescent psychiatry, Resident, Training, Implementation pathways

中图分类号:

R-05

潘美蓉, 唐妮, 齐建光, 陈蔚然, 朱正杰, 曹庆久, 司天梅. 我国儿科住院医师CAP培训扩展的实践价值与实施路径[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2026, 46(1): 53-58.

Pan Meirong, Tang Ni, Qi Jianguang, Chen Weiran, Zhu Zhengjie, Cao Qingjiu, Si Tianmei. Practical values and implementation pathways of expanding child and adolescent psychiatry training among pediatric residents in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education, 2026, 46(1): 53-58.

参考文献

[1] Pan M, Tang N, Qiu Y, et al. Strategic implementation of child and adolescent psychiatry training in Chinese residency programs: an exploratory survey[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2025,25(1):860. DOI: 10.1186/s12909-025-07471-6.
[2] WHO Teams. Child and adolescent mental and brain health[EB/OL].(2024-08-28)[2024-10-10] . https://www.who.int/activities/Improving-the-mental-and-brain-health-of-children-and-adolescents.
[3] Kieling C, Buchweitz C, Caye A, et al. Worldwide prevalence and disability from mental disorders across childhood and adolescence: evidence from the global burden of disease study[J]. JAMA Psychiatry, 2024, 81(4): 347-356. DOI:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.5051.
[4] Li F, Cui Y, Li Y, et al. Prevalence of mental disorders in school children and adolescents in China: diagnostic data from detailed clinical assessments of 17,524 individuals[J]. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 2022,63(1):34-46. DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13445.
[5] Zhang J, Shi C, Liang Z, et al. Burden of noncommunicable diseases among children and adolescents aged 10-24 years in China, 1990-2019: a population-based study[J]. Cell Rep Med, 2023,4(12):101331. DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101331.
[6] 马宁, 陈润滋, 张五芳, 等. 2020年中国精神卫生资源状况分析[J].中华精神科杂志,2022,55(6):459-468. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn113661-20220617-00158.
[7] Wu JL, Pan J. The scarcity of child psychiatrists in China[J]. Lancet Psychiatry, 2019,6(4):286-287. DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30099-9.
[8] 国家卫生健康委确定2025—2027年为“儿科和精神卫生服务年”[EB/OL].(2024-12-31)[2025-01-31] .https://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/c100122/202412/5a1960ef636e49ed80db1392c1e5feaa.shtml.
[9] WHO Team. Mental Health Atlas 2020[EB/OL].(2021-10-08)[2025-01-31] . https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240036703.
[10] Wang S, Ungvari GS, Xiang YT. The shortage of child and adolescent psychiatrists in China[J]. Asian J Psychiatr, 2023,81:103404. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103404.
[11] Kim WJ, American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Task Force on Workforce Needs. Child and adolescent psychiatry workforce: a critical shortage and national challenge[J]. Acad Psychiatry, 2003,27(4):277-282. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ap.27.4.277.
[12] Heneghan A, Garner AS, Storfer-Isser A, et al. Pediatricians' role in providing mental health care for children and adolescents: do pediatricians and child and adolescent psychiatrists agree?[J]. J Dev Behav Pediatr, 2008,29(4):262-269. DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e31817dbd97.
[13] Jones S, Jordan B. Communications between medical referrers and child psychiatry staff[J]. Aust NZJ Psychiatry, 1993,27(4):683-685. DOI: 10.3109/00048679309075831.
[14] 中国住院医师培训精英教学医院联盟. 中国住院医师培训精英教学医院联盟住院医师核心胜任力框架共识[J].协和医学杂志,2022,13(1):17-23. DOI: 10.12290/xhyxzz.2021-0755.
[15] Shaw RJ, Rackley S, Walker A, et al. Core competencies for pediatric consultation-liaison psychiatry in child and adolescent psychiatry fellowship training[J]. Psychosomatics, 2019,60(5):444-448. DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2019.04.006.
[16] DeMaso DR, Mezzacappa E, Goldman SJ. Recruitment and training of child and adolescent psychiatry residents from pediatrics[J]. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 1992,31(6):1100-1104. DOI: 10.1097/00004583-199211000-00018.
[17] American Board of Pediatrics. Content outline: general pediatrics[EB/OL].[2024-08-31] . https://www.abp.org/content/about-us.
[18] RCPCH. RCPCH Progress+ core syllabus for paediatric training[EB/OL].[2025-01-31] . https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2023-10/ProgressPlus-Generic-Syllabus-Core-v1.pdf.
[19] BC Children's Hospital. Clinical training program[EB/OL]. [2025-01-31] .http://www.bcchildrens.ca/Psychology-site/Documents/CPABROCHURE2023_October17_Final(002).pdf.
[20] Shahidullah JD, Kettlewell PW, Palejwala MH, et al. Behavioral health training in pediatric residency programs: a national survey of training directors[J]. J Dev Behav Pediatr, 2018,39(4):292-302. DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000548.
[21] Doja A, Pringsheim T, Andrade BF, et al. Implementation and evaluation of a curriculum on the assessment and treatment of disruptive behaviour disorders[J]. Paediatr Child Health, 2021,26(8):458-461. DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxab008.
[22] Green C, Walkup JT, Bostwick S, et al. Advancing the agenda in pediatric mental health education[J]. Pediatrics, 2019,144(3):e20182596. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-2596.
[23] 何莹, 罗庆. 深入推进儿科医师继续教育与持续职业发展——国家级继续医学教育基地在卫生人才培养中发挥重要作用[J]. 中华医学信息导报, 2021, 36(20): 5. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1000-8039.2021.20.106.
[24] 静进, 欧萍, 徐海青, 等. 儿童心理行为专科建设专家共识[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2023,31(9):929-934.
[25] 中国儿童精神卫生精英教学医院联盟成立[EB/OL].(2023-09-20)[2025-02-14] . https://news.cctv.com/2023/09/20/ARTIq9QGvmyif9xBrmDZcjvj230920.shtml.
[26] Rand CM, Goldstein N. Patterns of primary care physician visits for us adolescents in 2014: implications for vaccination[J]. Acad Pediatr, 2018,18(2S):S72-S78. DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2018.01.002.
[27] Davie M. Doing more for mental health[J]. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed, 2016,101(2):77-81. DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2015-308344.
[28] Ruedinger E, Carlin K, Inwards-Breland D, et al. Effectiveness of the adolescent medicine rotation in improving pediatric residents self-assessed skill and confidence caring for youth[J]. J Adolesc Health, 2019, 64(4): 530-536. DOI:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.10.007.
[29] Colburn MD, Harris E, Lehmann C, et al. Adolescent depression curriculum impact on pediatric residents' knowledge and confidence to diagnose and manage depression[J]. J Adolesc Health, 2020,66(2):240-246. DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.08.022.
[30] Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Milestones Working Group. Child and adolescent psychiatry milestones[EB/OL].[2025-01-31] . https://www.acgme.org/globalassets/pdfs/milestones/childandadolescentpsychiatrymilestones.pdf.
[31] Shaligram D, Bernstein B, DeJong SM, et al. ″Building″ the twenty-first century child and adolescent psychiatrist[J]. Acad Psychiatry, 2022,46(1):75-81. DOI: 10.1007/s40596-022-01594-4.

我国儿科住院医师CAP培训扩展的实践价值与实施路径

Practical values and implementation pathways of expanding child and adolescent psychiatry training among pediatric residents in China

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	陈明, 鞠辉. 组织支持和组织认同对住院医师职业精神的影响研究[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2026, 46(1): 37-41.
[2]	姜行康, 苑玲玲, 郭涛, 郄云凯, 张卫, 刘春雨, 胡海龙. 单病种模块化教学方式在泌尿外科住院医师规范化培训中的应用[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(9): 691-695.
[3]	刘红艳, 曾凯, 郑思怡, 麦穗, 韦曦. 口腔内科住院医师规范化培训中牙体牙髓专业置信职业行为指标构建[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(9): 696-701.
[4]	葛燕, 陈谊月, 彭笑菲, 凌光辉, 李芬. 基于胜任力的美国风湿病学专科医师培训评估体系的发展与思考[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(9): 715-719.
[5]	金明珠, 严梦玲, 范让, 薛静. 住院医师规范化培训督导反馈体系的建立与应用[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(8): 571-576.
[6]	何紫棠, 胡小芸, 史迪, 夏鹏, 郭超, 江伟, 王琳, 李晓燕, 刘继海, 李玥. 医学模拟教学师资培训课程的设计与实施[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(8): 596-601.
[7]	冯黎, 匡铭, 杨达雅, 陈崴. 美国保障和提升住院医师和临床教师幸福感的理论研究与实践探索[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(8): 634-640.
[8]	黄琪, 姚媛媛, 王屹, 于静, 杨瑾婷, 严敏. Teach-back教学方法在麻醉科住院医师文书书写培训中的应用[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(7): 492-495.
[9]	王佳玉, 史霆, 张寅. 基于体验学习的医疗机构院内情境模拟教师培训的设计与实践[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(7): 502-507.
[10]	丁敏, 刘圣珺, 孙晓靓, 马若琳, 顾浩杰, 单启源, 康宝丽, 徐增光, 徐玮, 陈迟. 医学模拟中心智能信息管理平台建设与应用效果研究[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(7): 508-513.
[11]	王琪, 刘艳丽, 孙晨, 马力. 全科住院医师置信职业行为指标的构建研究[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(7): 519-524.
[12]	钱晶, 张薇, 商宏恺, 许嵩. 平行病历写作训练在妇产科住院医师规范化培训中的应用探索[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(7): 525-529.
[13]	叶珊, 刘向一, 赵晨, 马新然, 宋红松, 张英爽, 刘晓鲁, 赵海燕, 刘小璇, 孙阿萍, 傅瑜, 李艾为, 李颜, 韩江莉, 沈宁, 樊东升. 基于里程碑式胜任力评价的评估反馈模式在神经内科专科医师规范化培训中的应用[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(7): 530-536.
[14]	刘亚林, 于德华, 占华剑, 李进红, 白跳, 邱伟, 付强强, 马乐, 普珍, 王雷钧, 杨森. 西藏三地区基层医生服务现状与培训需求调查研究[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(7): 537-541.
[15]	刘萍萍, 黄娇甜, 张新萍, 范江花, 张玉, 肖政辉, 卢秀兰. 湖南省医务人员儿童第一目击者培训现状和需求调查[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025, 45(7): 542-546.