Objective To apply and evaluate internet teaching method in the training of lumbar puncture for residents in Neurosurgery Department. Methods The experimental control method was used. A total of 80 residents who were trained in neurosurgery department of Peking University Third Hospital from February 2019 to August 2020 were selected as the objects. They were divided into two groups with internet teaching and traditional teaching respectively to compare the training outcome of lumbar puncture. Skill assessment and the results of questionnaire were collected to evaluate the teaching effectiveness. Results The difference of skill total score, operating time, and satisfaction rate between internet teaching method group and traditional teaching group were not statistically significant [(83.9±4.9) vs. (83.3±5.2), (11.6±2.3) vs. (11.8±2.5), 67.5%(27/40) vs. 60.0%(24/40), all P＞0.05]. However, there was statistically significant difference in terms of improving learning interest and strengthening knowledge memory [92.5%(37/40) vs. 75.0%(30/40), 95.0%(38/40) vs. 77.5%(31/40), all P＜0.05]. Conclusions The internet teaching in skill training like lumbar puncture for neurosurgery residents can ensure the learning outcome non-inferior to that of traditional teaching method, but the internet method stimulates the residents'interest in learning and strengthens the knowledge memory.