Objective To study the application effect of the “case experience” model in improving the adaptability and communication ability of medical graduate students. Methods A total of 90 professional postgraduate students who were internships in the surgical system of our hospital from April to September 2018 were selected as subjects. There were 45 cases for the experimental group and the control group respectively. The students in the experimental group self-directed and acted according to the medical conflict cases, experiencing the situation, and discussing the cause of the accident or dispute, and were consulted by the experts of the medical department. The control group directly studied the case text material. Questionnaires were used to analyze and compare the teaching effects of the two groups of students. Results Compared with the control group, there was a significant difference in the way the students in the experimental group chose to deal with physiotherapy conflicts:exercise forbearance[15.6%(7/45)vs 48.9%(22/45)], seek help[77.8%(35/45) vs 24.4%(11/45)],face to face[6.7%(3/45) vs 26.7%(12/45)],(P=0.024).84.4%(38/45)experimental group studentshad got a more reasonable treatment. Conclusions The “case experience” model allows students to more intuitively understand the causes of medical malpractices or disputes, and learn the methods and techniques of treatment to enhance the conflicts dealing and communication skills of medical graduate students.