Objective To find the current situation of incentive policy implementation in the residency training process of general practitioner (GP) in Jiangsu Province and to analyze the influencing factors so to provide evidence for improving the relevant incentive mechanism.Methods The self-made questionnaire of social demography and incentive status was used to investigate the incentive status of the GP residents.Descriptive analysis and relevant statistical methods were used to study the influencing factors.Results Totally 1 491 questionnaires were delivered and 1 341 questionnaires were collected effectively,with an effective recovery rate of 89.9%.The scores of the three dimensions of incentive effect were those of job satisfaction (15.26±2.82),willingness to work hard (18.39±3.72) and willingness to employment (14.34±3.17).The frequency of physical exercise,working hours,sleeping hours,income level,status,training year and marital status were all the influencing factors of the incentive effect of the students (all P<0.05).Conclusions The implementation of incentive policies has shown initial success for GP residents.It is suggested that the incentive mechanism should be based on the needs of the residents,reasonably improve the living conditions of the residents,enhance the sense of belonging of the residents gradually improving the incentive effect of this group.