Objective To understand the clinical performance by standardized training of residents of obstetrics and gynecology in China, and to provide reference for improving residency training program. Methods Using stratified random sampling, an online questionnaire survey was conducted on 1341 obstetrics and gynecology residents (including the same-seniority physicians who did not participate in residency training program), who obtained certification of residency training program within 2 years and came from different grades of hospitals in six regions of the country. Number and extent of participation in 20 common clinical performance during the training phase were investigated. Results It is found that 19.0% (255/1341) of them showed qualified participation in clinical practice. Logistic regression analysis indicated that resident clinical practice participation of the undergraduate degree (OR=1.661, 95%CI: 1.225~2.252), northeast China(OR=2.637, 95%CI: 1.564～4.446) and north China (OR=2.362, 95%CI: 1.442～3.869) was better than those of master's degree and the southwest and northwest China. Conclusions The participation of obstetrics and gynecology resident trainees in clinical performance is insufficient in China, and there is a big gap among different regions. It is recommended that the training rules of obstetrics and gynecology should be revised according to the changes in disease spectrum and surgical methods.