Objective To conduct a systematic analysis of the current medical personnel training policies by using policy tools, and to inform subsequent formulation and implementation of national medical personnel training policies. Methods Using the content analysis method, 41 policy texts published at the national level in China from 2014 to 2023 that can reflect the training and education of medical talents (including traditional Chinese medicine) were selected and coded into 497 analysis units, which were analyzed from the aspects of issuing institution, issuing time, use of policy tools and elements of talent training. Results Among the 41 policy texts, 13 (31.7%) were published jointly by multiple departments, and 22 (53.7%) were published between 2015 and 2017. Of the 497 analysis units, 288 (57.9%) used authoritative tools (prescribed, permitted, prohibited), 162 (32.6%) paid attention to teaching management and 33 (6.6%) paid attention to teacher training. Conclusions In recent 10 years, there are many joint publications of multi-departments on medical talent training policy in China, and the publication time is concentrated from 2015 to 2017. Since the use of policy tools is not balanced, so it is suggested to optimize the combination of policy tools. There are great differences in the attention of each element of talent training, so it is suggested to make overall arrangements.