Objective Analysis of the results of milestone evaluation system in the phased two-way evaluation of dermatology residents. Methods A total of 150 physicians who received standardized resident training (referred to as residency training) and 8 attending physicians in the Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University in September 2021 were selected as the research objects. An improved Milestones evaluation form was carried out for self-assessment and attending physician-assessment. Kruskal Wallis H test and Mann Whitney U test were used to compare the differences in the scores of residents with different seniority. Paired t-test was used to compare the differences between self-assessment and other assessments and the differences in the scores of residents from different sources. Results First year resident trainees' milestones score was 3~4 points, second year resident trainees' score was 4~5 points, and third year resident trainees' score was 6~7points. First year resident trainees' self-assessment score was (3.73±0.59), while others-assessment score was (3.33±0.47), second year resident trainees' self-assessment score was(4.66±0.62), while others-assessment score was(4.44±0.51), third year resident trainees' self-assessment score was(5.09±0.52), while others-assessment score was(4.93±0.86), the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.001). Conclusions The milestone score of dermatologists with different seniority can be distinguished. It is suggested that the attending physicians can teach them according to their aptitude, so as to improve the training effect.