Objective To analyze the current situation of medical students' humanistic care and its influencing factors, so as to inform future improvement of medical humanities education. Methods A questionnaire survey was adopted. In July 2021, 239 medical students from the Medical Department of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Medical College, Yan'an University Medical College and Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as the research subjects by convenient sampling method. Multiple linear regression methods were used to analyze the data through the general information questionnaire, Jefferson Empathy Scale Student Edition and Care Ability Scale survey. The data were analyzed by the multiple linear regression method. Results The overall humanistic care level of medical students was (193.02±18.87), among which the score of female students (196.86±17.92) was higher than that of male students (187.68±18.95), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The higher the level of empathy response (b=0.547, P<0.001), the better the level of humanistic care of medical students. Compared with medical students with lower evaluation of their interpersonal relationships and lower satisfaction with their majors, the higher the evaluation of their interpersonal relationships (b=0.185, P=0.001) and the higher the satisfaction with their majors (b=0.145, P=0.008), the better the level of humanistic care, and the above three variables can jointly explain 40.0% of the variation in the level of humanistic care of medical students. Conclusions The humanistic care level of medical students needs to be improved, and the humanistic care level of female students is higher than that of male students. Medical students' level of empathy response, evaluation of their interpersonal relationships and satisfaction with the profession can positively influence the level of humanistic care. Universities should consider taking targeted measures to improve the humanistic care level of medical students.