Objective To investigate the perception of clinical practice teachers of curriculum-based political and virtuous awareness, and to explore effective ways of improvement. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select 448 clinical practice teachers from ten affiliated hospitals of a medical university in Guangzhou as the survey objects from October to November 2021. Through questionnaire survey on 448 clinical practice teachers and personal interviews on 30 of them to research the perception of curriculum-based political and virtuous awareness education. The results of the survey were presented by descriptive statistics. Results Among 448 clinical practice teachers, 148 (33.0%) teachers understood concepts of curriculum-based political and virtuous awareness. A total of 276 (61.6%) teachers were unsure about the way to perform curriculum-based political and virtuous awareness education, such as unclear teaching objectives, uncertain integration methods, imperfect evaluation mechanism and support policies. All teachers who took the interview expressed the training need of curriculum-based political and virtuous awareness education. Conclusions Clinical practice teachers need to improve their understanding and ability of curriculum-based political and virtuous awareness education. Schools should carry out training and publicity, in the meantime, provide necessary resources and support for teachers to improve instruction in curriculum-based political and virtuous awareness.