Objective To investigation the effect of anesthesiology rotation on trainees enrolled in standardized residency training for obstetrics and gynecology , and to inform future improvement for standardized residents training program of obstetrics and gynecology. Methods From January 2020 to December 2021 a questionnaire was used to investigate 74 obstetrics and gynecology residents during their rotation in Department of Anesthesiology of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the results. Results A total of 69 (93.2%) of the 74 residents believed that the rotation in anesthesiology were very necessary. They believed that the relevant competencies to be mastered were preoperative visit to patients and implementation of anesthesia, mask oxygen and mechanical ventilation, writing anesthesia records and summaries, and general anesthesia through endotracheal intubation, accounting for 70(94.6%), 60(81.1%), 56(75.7%), and 52(70.3%), respectively. A total of 70 (94.6%) trainees accepted the arrangement of rotation in the anesthesiology. Conclusions Residents of obstetrics and gynecology recognized the necessity of rotation in anesthesiology, which will help them master the basic competencies of clinical anesthesia, improve their clinical comprehensive ability, emergency rescue ability, critical disease treatment ability, and ability to prioritize clinical tasks.