Objective To explore the effect of case-based learning incorporated by KWL form in probation teaching for pediatric undergraduates. Methods From June 2021 to April 2022,forty undergraduates majoring in clinical medicine enrolled in 2018 from Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University in the Department of Pediatrics of Shenzhen University General Hospital were randomly divided into the study group and the control group. Case-based learning incorporated by KWL form was used for the study group, while traditional teaching method was used for the control group. The teaching quality, including satisfaction survey of the study group and examination results of all students enrolled in the trial were analyzed, and differences of measurements were compared by t-test. Results Results from questionnaire in the study group showed that 90.0%(18/20)of students believed that the teaching method was helpful to stimulate learning interest and contributed to systematically master the knowledge of pediatrics, and 85.0%(17/20)of students believed that the teaching method was helpful to improve the ability of independent learning, and contributed to the improvement of clinical thinking, clinical skills, communication and other skills. The scores of theory test of study group had some improvement (88.70±5.05 vs. 84.85±4.56) as compared with the students of control group, and the scores of the basic knowledge section (55.05±3.17) and the case analysis section (33.65±2.70) of the study group were both higher than those of the control group (53.00±2.88 and 31.85±2.13)(all P<0.05). Conclusions Case-based learning incorporated by KWL form had good effect in probation teaching for pediatric undergraduates, and was helpful to cultivate comprehensive quality.