Objective To evaluate the teaching effect by virtual simulation experiments for the teaching of students majoring in preventive medicine. Method The study was conducted from September 2020 to December 2021. A total of 308 students majoring in preventive medicine in a medical school were selected as study subjects. Among them, 147 students enrolled in 2018 were set as the experimental group trained by teaching method with virtual simulation experiment teaching method, and the control group including 161 students enrolled in 2019 adopted were set as the control group, using the traditional off-line teaching method. The teaching effect was evaluated by the scores from experimental group and that from control group and the result of questionnaire survey. The data were analyzed by rank sum test and t-test. Results The comparison of scores from experimental group comparison of scores from experimental group and from control group is shown as follows: emergency treatment off organo-phosphorus food poisoning[ (9.03±0.47) vs.(8.40±0.59), P=0.011]; flood disaster health emergency drill [(9.31±0.56) vs. (8.44±0.50), P=0.001] and wearing protective clothing[ (8.79 ± 0.41) vs.( 9.49±0.51), P=0.003], the only item in which the score from control group is higher than that of experiment group is “wearing protective clothing”. The results of the questionnaire indicated that, except for the sense of interactive experience, the percentage of experimental group students' satisfaction with the experimentalteaching method was higher than that of the control group, for example, the item of “the degree of interest in the experimental project” [95.2%(140/147) vs.55.3%(89/161)], the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions The application of virtual simulation experiments in teaching of preventive medicine experiment enhances students' satisfaction with experimental teaching method, It is suggested to choose teaching methods according to the characteristics of different experiments, so as to achieve the complementary advantage of online and offline methods.