Biochemistry and molecular biology (abbreviated as biochemistry) is a core course for students majoring in life science and medicine. Since 2015, the School of Basic Medical Sciences of Peking University has carried out an interactive teaching reform on biochemistry course in the form of theme reports, which involves students' analyzing and presenting common phenomena and problems in life and clinical performance based on biochemical knowledge following the teacher teaching the core knowledge. This teaching model combines learning and practicing organically and hence encourage communications between teachers and students as well as among students themselves (dual-channel). The results of the questionnaire showed that students approved that the interactive teaching mode based on theme reports could stimulate learning interest of students [90.6%(116/128)], improve students' comprehension of knowledge [93.8%(120/128)], promote their independent learning and reasoning capacity [96.1%(123/128)], strengthen their capacity building to apply the knowledge in practice [93.0%(119/128)],enhance their ability to review literature [96.1%(123/128)], and promote the communication, cooperation and mutual learning among students [89.8%(115/128)], 75.8%(97/128) of the students were willing to apply the interactive teaching model based on theme reports to other courses. This teaching mode makes up for the deficiencies of the traditional teaching, helps to improve the teaching effect of biochemistry course, and promotes the improvement of students' overall quality.