Objective To implement and evaluate empathic experience-based learning in the pain medicine. Methods From January 2020 to August 2021, forty-eight resident trainees and visiting scholars (hereinafter referred to as trainees) were recruited from the Department of Pain Medicine of Peking University People's Hospital. Using the method of random control table, the trainees were divided into experimental group and control group with 24 in each. The experimental group was trained with empathy experience-based learning method, the control group adopted traditional teaching method. Evaluation of learning outcomes was carried out in the form of theoretical examination and Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C (IRI-C), and the teaching satisfaction evaluation was collected. The score results were statistically analyzed by t-test. Results The theoretical test scores of the trainees in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group [(95.1±3.4) vs. (89.0±4.1), P<0.001]. The scores of all dimensions of IRI-C of the trainees in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group [such as viewpoint selection (16.2±2.2) vs. (14.3±2.8), imagination (20.5±2.3) vs. (17.8±2.9), all P<0.05]. The teaching satisfaction evaluation scores of the trainees in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group [such as stimulating learning interest (94.8±4.1) vs. (87.0±5.0), clinical thinking capacity (93.3±3.6) vs. (83.1±5.3), all P<0.001]. Conclusions The effect of empathic experience-based learning in the pain medicine is better than traditional teaching method, which improves trainees' mastery of theoretical knowledge and teaching satisfaction, and so supports the building of trainees' empathic capacity.