Objective To investigate the performance of and influencing factors on clinical practice of oral aesthetic analysis and design for trainees receiving resident standardized training. Methods Totally 263 trainees were selected at School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, in January 2020. The platform of “wjx.cn” was used for distribution of questionnaires and data collection. The contents of questionnaire included the general information of participants, the current situation of clinical practice of oral aesthetic analysis and design, and their self-evaluation of the aesthetic restorative capacity. Chi square test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were applied for analyzing the data. Results The results showed that 63.5%(167/263) of the trainees evaluated themselves as competent to complete clinical practice of oral aesthetic restoration; but only 33.8% (89/263) of the trainees were capable of doing the digital aesthetic analysis and design. The trainees majoring in prosthodontics had better “clinical practice capacity of oral aesthetic restoration”(OR=4.90, 95%CI:2.27～10.60), and did better in “understanding the aesthetic needs of patients”(OR=2.47, 95%CI:1.10～5.59), “digital aesthetic analysis and design”(OR=2.29, 95%CI:1.23～4.26), and “making research model and diagnostic wax pattern”(OR=2.75, 95%CI:1.43～5.28); “four licenses in one” master degree students did better in “record aesthetic information by using oral clinical digital photography”(OR=2.37, 95%CI:1.27～4.40) and “making research model and diagnostic wax pattern”(OR=1.91, 95%CI:1.07～3.41); The trainees of grade 2017 did better in “digital aesthetic analysis and design”(OR=2.41, 95%CI:1.20～4.83). Conclusions Part of trainees in standardized training of stomatological residents had mastered the relevant technologies of oral aesthetic analysis and design, and had the clinical practice capacity of aesthetic restoration. Trainees, whose major was prosthodontics, or who was“four licenses in one” master degree students, or whose grade was 2017 were more likely to perform well in these aspects.