随着信息技术和互联网的飞速发展,医学教育迎来了数字化、网络化、智能化时代。了解现代教育技术的理论基础和发展历程,有助于推动教育教学内容更新、教学手段和方法现代化,全面提高医学教育教学质量。从关注媒体技术的使用到关注教学理论与教育技术的结合,现代教育技术涉及的理论、思想、技术手段在不断的发展;同时,多媒体、学习平台、移动设备、3D打印、人工智能等在医学教育中的应用也越来越受到广泛关注。处于新发展阶段的教育技术亟需新的教育理论与之相结合,逐步形成全新的医学教育教学范式,进而从根本上提高医学教育教学效果。
With the rapid development of information technology and internet, medical education has ushered in the era of digitalization, networking and intelligentization. Understanding the theoretical basis and development process of modern educational technology is helpful to promote the renewal of educational content, the modernization of teaching means and methods, and comprehensively improve the quality of medical education and teaching. From the use of media technology to the combination of teaching theory and educational technology, the theories, ideas and technical means involved in modern educational technology are constantly developing; at the same time, the application of multimedia, learning platform, mobile devices, 3D printing, artificial intelligence and other applications in medical education are also attracting more and more attention. Educational technology at a new stage of development urgently needs new educational theories to be combined with it, and gradually form a brand-new medical education teaching paradigm, in order to fundamentally improve the effect of medical education teaching.
[1] Moran J, Briscoe G, Peglow S. Current technology in advancing medical education: perspectives for learning and providing care[J]. Acad Psychiatry, 2018,42(6):796-799. DOI: 10.1007/s40596-018-0946-y.
[2] Ifinedo P. Encyclopedia of information communication technology[J]. IGI Global,2007:839-846. DOI:10.4018/9781599048451.ch110.
[3] Bates AW. 数字化时代的教学[M]. 刘永权, 武丽娜, 译.北京:中央广播电视大学出版社,2016:243-246.
[4] 宫淑红. 美国教育技术学的历史与范式演变[D]. 广州:华南师范大学,2003.DOI:10.7666/d. y569597.
[5] 谢百治,李冰,章战士.医学教育技术教程[M].西安:第四军医大学出版社,2007:11-24.
[6] 周全林, 陈建军. 现代教育技术[M]. 武汉:武汉大学出版社,2011:9-11.
[7]马金钟, 马森. 基于学习者视角的国内主要MOOC平台比较研究[J].延边大学学报(社会科学版),2019,52(4):104-110. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-3311.2019.04.014.
[8]Makransky G, Bonde MT, Wulff JS, et al. Simulation based virtual learning environment in medical genetics counseling: an example of bridging the gap between theory and practice in medical education[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2016,16:98. DOI: 10.1186/s12909-016-0620-6.
[9]Samadbeik M, Yaaghobi D, Bastani P, et al. The applications of virtual reality technology in medical groups teaching[J]. J Adv Med Educ Prof, 2018,6(3):123-129.
[10]沈阳, 郝爱民, 孙尚宇, 等. 虚拟现实技术在医学教育中的场景应用研究——基于79篇实验研究论文的系统分析与元分析[J].中国电化教育,2020(8):107-118.
[11] Vagg T, Balta JY, Bolger A, et al. Multimedia in education: what do the students think？[J]. Health Professions Education, 2020,6(3):325-333. DOI:10.1016/j.hpe.2020.04.011.
[12] Bartellas M. Three-dimensional printing and medical education: a narrative review of the literature[J]. UOJM, 2016,6(1): 38-43.DOI:10.18192/ uojm.v6i1.1515.
[13]Goudie C, Kinnin J, Bartellas M, et al. The use of 3D printed vasculature for simulation-based medical education within interventional radiology[J]. Cureus, 2019,11(4):e4381. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4381.
[14]Cornwall J. The ethics of 3D printing copies of bodies donated for medical education and research: what is there to worry about?[J]. Australas Med J, 2016,9(1):8-11. DOI: 10.4066/AMJ.2015.2567.
[15]Yeoh KG. The future of medical education[J]. Singapore Med J, 2019,60(1):3-8. DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2019003.
[16]Chan KS, Zary N. Applications and challenges of implementing artificial intelligence in medical education: integrative review[J]. JMIR Med Educ, 2019,5(1):e13930. DOI: 10.2196/13930.
