根据近年来中医药人才培养状况,本文从国家中医药战略发展和国家中长期教育改革发展规划的角度,分析了中医药教育面临的发展机遇,论述了实施高等职业教育中医药人才分类培养对于深化高等教育改革和实施中医药发展战略的必要性,围绕中医药高等教育创新人才培养模式的思路,提出了高职本科中医药教育在培养临床适用型、新师承型、创新发明型和国际型人才的4种分类培养的路径和措施,以实现中医药医疗、保健、继承、教育、创新、产业、文化和海外发展全方位多元化人才培养的目标。
According to the current situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) talents cultivation in recent years, this paper analyzes the development opportunities of TCM education from the perspective of national TCM strategy and medium and long-term education reform development planning. This paper also expounds that implementing classified training of talents in TCM higher educational is necessary for deepening the reform of higher education and carrying out TCM development strategy. Based on the thought of the model of innovative talents educating, the classified cultivating measure of talents, which are divided into four types of clinical application, the succession of teaching from a master to his disciples, innovation and invention and internationalization is proposed to be applied to TCM higher vocational education, realizing all-round and diversified talents cultivation goals of TCM treatment, health care, inheritance, education, innovation, industry, culture and overseas development.
[1] 白玲,孙莉,许玲,等.地方医学院校卓越医生教育培养探索[J].中华医学教育杂志,2016, 36(3):355-357,370.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2016.03.010.
Bai L, Sun L, Xu L, et al. Exploration in a novel pattern of “outstanding doctor” training in regional medical colleges and universities[J].Chin J Med Edu,2016, 36(3):355-357,370.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2016.03.010.
[2] 文庠,商宇,王玉芬,等.中医人才培养的体制约束与对策思考[J].中华医学教育杂志, 2015,35(6):812-815.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2015.06.004.
Wen X, Shang Y, Wang YF,et al. Institutional constraints and countermeasure on talent cultivation of Chinese medicine[J].Chin J Med Edu,2015,35(6):812-815. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2015.06.004.
[3] 刘延龄.教育理念对高职医学教育教学的影响[J].中华医学教育杂志,2015,35(1): 8-10.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2015.01.003.
Liu YL. Impact on the educational philosophy of the medical vocational education[J].Chin J Med Edu,2015,35(1):8-10.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2015.01.003.
[4] 吴晓莉,葛芳芳,王倩蕾,等.以名老中医工作室为依托的中医学专业学生临床师承教育模式探索[J].中华医学教育杂志,2014,34(6):821-823.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2014.06.007.
Wu XL, Ge FF, Wang QL, et al. Exploration of the Chinese
students' clinical apprentice education model depending on the prestigious physician studio[J]. Chin J Med Edu,2014,34(6):821-823.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2014.06.007.
[5] 张晓溪,曹珍,蒋超,等.全国开设中医药专业教育机构及学生发展情况分析[J].中医教育,2015,34(6):12-15.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-305X.2015.06.004.
Zhang XX, Cao Z, Jiang C, et al. TCM educational institution and student development situation analysis in China[J].Education of Chinese Medicine,2015, 34(6):12-15.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-305X.2015.06.004.
[6] 郭永松.应用型本科:我的理解与思考[J].中国高等医学教育,2015(1):1-2,11.DOI:10. 3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2015.01.001.
[7] 李玲,许有华,王立芳.校院合作共育全科型适宜医学人才的研究与实践[J].中国高等医学教育,2015(5):29-30.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2015.05.015.
[8] 黄真,李俊伟,陈建真.“教学—科研—生产”三位一体的中药学创新人才培养模式研究[J].中国高等医学教育,2015(4):6-7,86.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2015.04.004.
[9] 吴晓莉,葛芳芳,王倩蕾,等.中医学生临床思维能力培养实践教学体系的构建与实施[J].中国高等医学教育,2015(2):8-9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2015.02.005.
[10] 张雯,储真真.中医临床师承实习模式的建立与评价[J].中国高等医学教育,2015(1): 7,46.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2015.01.004.
[11] 吴松林,杨玉铭.医学高职院校学生创新能力培养的研究[J].卫生职业教育,2015,33 (14):13-14.
[12] 葛金芳,解雪峰,吴繁荣,等.科研教学互动在培养创新型药学人才中的探索与实践[J].中国高等医学教育,2015(10):28-29.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2015.10.014.
Ge JF, Xie XF, Wu FR, et al. Using interaction between teaching and the scientific research in the cultivation of the innovative pharmaceutical talents[J].China Higher Medical Education,2015(10):28-29.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2015.10.014.
[13] 江丰,张炳立,李玲玲.世界中医学专业教育标准研究概述[J].中国高等医学教育, 2015(3):4-5.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2015.03.002.