目的 调查海峡两岸2所医学院医学生的职业认知和从医意愿的差异,分析其可能的影响因素,为研究我国医学生从医意愿提供参考。方法 采用问卷调查方法,对我国大陆和台湾地区2所医学院2014级临床医学专业160名学生进行从医意愿、从医动机、职业认知等方面的调查,并对所得数据进行统计学分析。结果 大陆医学生从医意愿低于台湾医学生;大陆医学生因为父母师长等他人因素而选择医学专业的比例高于台湾医学生;在选择医学专业之前,大陆医学生对于医生职业的了解低于台湾医学生,对于医生社会地位和收入水平的评价低于台湾医学生。结论 大陆医学生目前从医意愿低于台湾医学生,职业认知相对不足,强化医学生的人文道德教育和职业认知教育,对提高医学生的从医意愿、减少医学人才的流失具有积极作用。
Objective To investigate the professional cognition and willingness of being doctors of medical students in Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Yang-Ming University Medical School. To analyze the possible influencing factors based on the investigation.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 160 medical students in Taiwan and in the mainland China. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: the willingness of being a doctor, motivation of learning medicine and professional cognition. The data were analyzed statistically.Results Compared with Taiwan area, the willingness of being a doctor among medical students in the mainland China was much lower. The proportion of medical students who learn medicine at other people's will was higher. The following three points of view among medical students in the mainland China is significantly lower: the value orientation of professional cognition, doctors' social status and income level.Conclusions There is a lower willingness to be a doctor among medical students in the mainland of China. Their professional cognition is relatively insufficient. A strengthened humanistic education, moral education, and occupational education is required. Hence the wastage rate of medical graduates will be reduced.
[1] 刘秋颖,苏彦捷.初次就业个体的职业认同获得及其相关因素[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(2):257-264.
Liu QY, Su YJ. Career identity achievement and its correlated factors of individual in their first employment[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2007,43(2):257-264.
[2] 唐文.医学生入学动机对学习状态的影响研究[J].医学与哲学,2001,22(1):55-57.
[3] 唐文,莫宝庆.医学生学习医学动机回顾性调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2001,15(4): 288-288.
[4] 张涛,陈正勤,杨一华.大陆、香港和台湾医学博士培养体系比较[J].医学与哲学,2014, 35(4A):78-81.
Zhang T, Chen ZQ, Yang YH.A comparative study of doctor of medicine/doctor of philosophy training system in Mainland, Hongkong and Taiwan[J].Medicine and Philosophy,2014,35(4A):78-81.
[5] 郭茜,刘惠军.新入学医学生从医动机与职业认知调查分析[J].中国高等医学教育, 2016(1):19-20.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2016.01.009.
Guo Q, Liu HJ. Investigation on motivation and professional cognition of new medical students[J].China Higher Medical Education,2016(1):19-20.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2016.01.009.
[6] 李飞,王剑利,胡燕.选择学医的动机与社会流动的期待[J].思想战线,2015,41(3):36-39.
[7] 王秋霞,李筠竹,李旭,等.家庭背景对不同学历层次医学生职业选择的影响[J].安徽医药,2012,16(1):135-137.
Wang QX, Li YZ, Li X, et al. Effects of family background on career selection by medical students who pursue different levels of higher education[J].Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal,2012,16(1):135-137.
[8] 李月红,王炜,李敏侠.台湾住院医师培训对大陆住院医师规范化培训的启示[J].中国医院管理,2016,36(3):79-80.
Li YH, Wang W, Li MX. Enlightenment on the resident physician standardization training of Mainland based on Taiwan's experience of the resident physician training[J].Chinese Hospital Management,2016,36(3):79-80.
