目的 了解医学本科生一般能力现状,分析不同人口学特征的医学本科生一般能力差异。方法 2019年3月至6月,采用分层抽样法选取中国医科大学2014级~2018级几个专业不同学制(包括四年制、五年制、七年制、八年制)1 348名医学本科生为研究对象,采用医学本科生一般能力测评问卷对其进行调查。采用t检验和单因素方差分析考查不同特征学生一般能力差异;采用多因素方差分析比较不同因素对一般能力的影响。结果 医学本科生一般能力总分(166.74±20.35)分。不同特征医学本科生总分如下:少数民族比非少数民族[(164.41±21.11)分比(167.37±20.10)分]、党员比非党员[(180.28±17.60)分比(165.83±20.21)分]、有运动比无运动[(170.06±19.80)分比(157.77±19.11)分]、学校选择为本人意愿比非本人意愿[(167.56±20.08)分比(157.45±21.80)分]、专业选择为本人意愿比非本人意愿[(167.25±20.64)分比(162.99±17.70)分]、有干部经历比无干部经历[(168.46±20.11)分比(165.16±20.46)分]、认为自己就业前景良好比较差[(168.61±19.67)分比(160.37±21.32)分]、城市生源比农村生源[(167.97±20.84)分比(164.15±19.02)分],差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05),影响因素作用从大到小为运动、党员、就业前景、学校选择、生源地、民族。结论 医学本科生一般能力水平较高,同时受诸多因素影响且有待提高。

Objective To understand the situation of medical undergraduates' general capacity and to analyze the differences of them. Methods In March 2019 to June, using stratified sampling method to select China medical university different professional educational system in grade 2014 ~ grade 2018 (including four-year, five-year, seven years, eight years) 1 348 medical undergraduates as the research object. Using the medical undergraduates' general capacity assessment questionnaire on the questionnaire survey. Using t test and single factor variance analysis of characteristics of different students general capacity difference; multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the influence of different factors on general capacity. Results Total score of general ability for medical undergraduates in China Medical University was (166.74±20.35). Ethnic minorities and non-minority score [(164.41±21.11) vs (167.37±20.10)], party members and non-party people score [(180.28±17.60) vs (165.83±20.21) ], regular exercise, and no motor score [(170.06±19.80) vs (157.77±19.11)], school choice for my intention and not my will score [(167.56± 21.80) vs (157.45±21.80)], professional choice for my intention and not my wil score [(167.25±20.64) vs (162.99±17.70) ], have experienced cadres and no cadres score [(168.46±20.11) vs (165.16±20.46)], good prospects for employment with poor scores [(168.61±19.67) vs (160.37±21.32)], urban students and rural students score [(167.97±20.84) vs (164.15±19.02)] factors such as the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05), The influence factors from big to small are movement, party members, employment prospects, school intention, source of students and nationality. Conclusions The general capacity level of medical undergraduates is high and is affected by many factors and needs to be improved.