目的 了解住院医师的医患沟通态度、能力现状及其相关影响因素,以采取适当的措施帮助住院医师掌握医患沟通的方式与技巧。方法 从安徽医科大学第二临床医学院随机抽取2018年参加规范化培训的163名住院医师和研究生(以下统称学员),通过发放匿名问卷和采用沟通技能态度量表(communication skills attitude scale,CSAS)的方式进行调查,以了解和评估学员对于医患沟通技能的态度,所具有的医患沟通能力以及相关影响因素。结果 部分学员认为影响医患关系的两大因素主要为外在形象和个人修养;近半数的学员认为目前医患关系相对紧张;大部分学员将医患沟通出现问题的原因归结于医务人员工作繁忙没有时间和精力。CSAS分为2个次级量表,积极态度分量表(positive attitude subscale,PAS)和消极态度分量表(negative attitude subscale,NAS)。PAS得分(51.44±7.72)分;NAS得分(34.99±7.75)分。PAS单因素分析结果显示,学员类型、是否独生子女、是否热爱所学专业、是否有信心成为合格医师和人际沟通能力水平的得分差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。 结论 通过降低学员工作负担,增强学员职业信心,帮助学员掌握人际沟通的方式与技巧,以提高住院医师学习医患沟通的热情和医患沟通能力。

Objective To know the residents' attitude, ability and influencing factors of communication with patients, and to help the residents to master doctor-patient communication skills.Methods There were 163 residents and graduate students (hereinafter referred to as residents) who participated in standardized training were selected from the Second Clinical College of Anhui Medical University. They were investigated by filling anonymous questionnaires and using the communication skills attitude scale (CSAS). To understand and assess the residents' attitudes towards doctor-patient communication skills, the ability of doctor-patient communication, and the factors that influence their communication attitudes and abilities.Results The two major factors that some residents think will affect the relationship between doctors and patients are mainly external image and personal cultivation. Nearly half of the residents believe that the current doctor-patient relationship is relatively tight. Most residents attribute the problem of doctor-patient communication problems to medical services. There is no time and effort for busy people. Positive attitude subscale (PAS) score (51.44±7.72); negative attitude subscale (NAS) score (34.99±7.75). The results of PAS univariate analysis showed that the difference in the scores of residents, whether they come from the “one child family”, whether they loved their majors, whether they were confident to become qualified doctors, and the level of interpersonal communication skills were statistically significant (all P<0.05).Conclusions Hospital administrators need to reduce the workload of residents, enhance their professional confidence, and help residents to master the ways and skills of interpersonal communication, to enhance the enthusiasm of residents to learn the communication between doctors and patients, and improve the ability of doctor-patient communication.