目的 评价分步教学方式应用于口腔医学专业贴面牙体预备操作技能培训中的效果。方法 采用实验对照方法。2018年8月从全国7省、直辖市招募40名拟学习贴面牙体预备的口腔医师(以下简称学员)作为研究对象。将40名学员随机分为试验组和对照组,每组20人。在进行贴面牙体预备操作培训时,试验组采用分步教学方式,将教学内容(即贴面牙体预备)划分为4个阶段:切端预备、唇面预备、邻面扩展和精修磨光,每个阶段由教师理论授课、教师操作演示和学员操作练习3个部分组成。对照组采用整体教学方式,将教学内容划分为3个阶段:教师理论授课、教师操作演示和学员操作练习,每个阶段依次完成。教学结束后,由两组学员和两组教师分别评估教学效果,并由第三方专家评估两组学员的牙体预备质量。结果 两组学员对分步教学方式和整体教学方式的评分分别为(4.35±0.67)分和(3.40±0.75)分;教师的评分分别为(4.67±0.58)分和(3.33±0.58)分;专家对两组学员预备体质量的评分分别为(7.93±1.03)分和(6.60±1.29)分;其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 分步教学方式可以提高贴面牙体预备操作技能培训的教学效果,师生对该教学方式的喜好度更高。
Objective To assess the outcome of the step-by-step teaching method in dental skill training of veneer preparation. Methods Forty dentists, who want to learn the veneer preparation technique, were recruited into this study, which was a prospective, double-blind and randomized controlled trial. The participants were randomly allocated to either the experimental group (n=20) or the control group (n=20). They learned veneer preparation under different training course structures. For the experimental group, the step-by-step teaching method was used, of which the course was divided into four steps according to the procedures of veneer preparation: incisal preparation, facial preparation, interproximal expansion, and finishing and polishing. Every step consisted of the teacher's lecture, the teacher's demonstration, and the learner's practice. For the control group, the all-in-one teaching method was used, of which the course comprised three steps: the teacher's lecture, the teacher's demonstration, and the learner's practice. Every step was carried out independently in turn. Thereafter, the training outcome was evaluated by the learners and teachers. The quality of preparations was evaluated by two experts. Results For the outcomes of the step-by-step and the all-in-one teaching methods, the learners' assessments were (4.35±0.67) and (3.40±0.75), the teachers' assessments were (4.67±0.58) and (3.33±0.58), the quality of preparations assessed by the experts were (7.93±1.03) and (6.60±1.29), respectively. In terms of each evaluation index, there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions The step-by-step teaching method can improve the outcome of dental skill training of veneer preparation. The teachers and students had a higher preference for the step-by-step teaching method.
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