本文从卫生保健、医学教育两方面概括介绍了印度的情况,归纳出了印度继续医学教育制度的特点,包括:①印度医学委员会对继续医学教育活动和主办单位进行审批;②实施继续医学教育计划;③引进海外人才助力继续医学教育;④中央政府财政资助;⑤医师注册制度与继续医学教育的关联。通过对印度继续医学教育制度的研究,结合我国国情,以借鉴印度继续医学教育的有益经验。
This paper introduces the background of India from two aspects of health care and medical education, and summarized the characteristics of continuing medical education system in India: (1)approval from the Indian medical council for continuing medical education activities and the organizer. (2)Implementation continues education program. (3)the introduction of overseas talent power continuing medical education. (4)the central government financial support. (5)the doctor registration system associated with continuing medical education. Through the study of continuing medical education system in India, induced characteristics is conducive to enhancing understanding of India and filling the blank of the related studies. Combined with China’s national conditions, drawn reasonable lessons from the beneficial experience of India, this research could enlighten the future development of continuing medical education in our country.
[1] 人民网.中共中央国务院印发《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》 [EB/OL].[2017-08-09].http://health.people.com.cn/n1/2016/1026/c398004-28807917.html.
[2] Indian Kanoon.The constitution of India 1949[EB/OL].[2017-08-14].http://indiankanoon.org/doc/237570/.
[3] 石光, 雷海潮.印度卫生保健体制概况——印度卫生保健体制考察报告之一[J].中国卫生经济, 2008, 27(8):91-94.
Shi G, Lei HC.An overview of India’s health care system-one of the report of India’s health care system[J].Chinese Health Economics, 2008, 27(8):91-94.
[4] Sandeep Singh, Sorabh Badaya.Health care in rural India:A lack between need and feed[J].South Asian J Cancer, 2014, 3(2):143-144. DOI:10.4103/2278-330X.130483.
[5] New Delhi Television.One year rural posting mandatory for medical students[EB/OL].[2017-08-14].http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/one-year-rural-posting-mandatory-for-medical-students-483683.
[6] Medical Council of India.Medical Council of India annual report2015-2016[EB/OL].[2017-08-14].https://www.mciindia.org/documents/annualReports/AnnualReport.pdf.
[7] Aarti Dhar.Raise retirement age of government doctors[EB/OL].[2017-10-26].http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/raise-retirement-age-of-government-doctors/article697483.
[8] Rita Sood, 周莹.印度医学教育[J].复旦教育论坛, 2009, 7(2):92-96.
[9] Medical Council of India.Medical Council of India regulations on graduate medical education, 1997[EB/OL].[2017-10-26].https://www.mciindia.org/ActivitiWebClient/rulesnregulations/graduateMedicalEducationRegulations1997.
[10] Medical Council of India.MCI Regulations2000[EB/OL].[2017-08-15].https://www.mciindia.org/ActivitiWebClient/rulesnregulations/mciRegulations2000.
[11] Indian Medical Council.Code of ethics regulations, 2002 [EB/OL].[2017-10-26].https://www.mciindia.org/ActivitiWebClient/rulesnregulations/codeofMedicalEthicsRegulations2002.
[12] Bd SB, Kumar S.Delays in legislation slow the progress of CME in India[J].Bull World Health Organ, 2004, 82(2):154-155.
[13] Medical Council of India.Guidelines for continuing medical education scheme[EB/OL].[2017-10-26].https://www.mciindia.org/ActivitiWebClient/aboutus/guidelinesforCMEScheme.
[14] Indian Medical Council.Availability of funds and budgetary allocations[EB/OL].[2017-10-26].https://mciindia.org/ActivitiWebClient/aboutus/availabilityofFunds.
[15] Venkataraman R, Ranganathan L, Ponnish AS, et al.Funding sources for continuing medical education:An observational study[J].Indian J Crit Care Med, 2014, 18(8):513-517. DOI:10.4103/0972-5229.138152.
[16] American Medical Association.International medical graduate[EB/OL].[2017-10-26].https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_medical_graduate#Origin_by_country.
[17] Ghosh AK.Organizing an effective continuous medical education session[J].J Assoc Physicians India, 2008, 56:533-538.