目的 探讨临床医学专业眼科学融合式教学中教师面临的实践困境和优化路径。方法 2024年8—10月,采用质性研究方法,通过目的抽样对北京大学第三医院22名参与融合式教学的眼科学教师进行基于半结构式访谈提纲的焦点小组访谈,以主题分析法提炼核心主题。结果 提取4个主题:融合式教学实施策略需细化;亚专科教学内容需要结合融合教学特点系统重构;互动教学形式应当与教学目标和知识类型精准匹配;教学案例设计需要深度融合专业知识、科研思维和医学人文内涵。结论 推进眼科学融合式教学,需要立足亚专科特点构建标准化实施范式,以教学内容重构与差异化互动策略实现模式创新,依托多学科协同的案例开发机制体现融合教学优势。
Objective To explore the practical dilemmas faced by teachers in the construction of integrated ophthalmology teaching for clinical medicine majors and identify the potential strategies for optimization. Methods A qualitative study was adopted for focus group interview of teacher perspectives through open-ended interview questions. From August to October 2024, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 22 faculty teachers from the Department of Ophthalmology in Peking University Third Hospital by purposive sampling. The transcribed text materials were analyzed by thematic analysis to induce and form interview themes. Results Four core themes were extracted from the interview data: (1) The implementation strategies of the integrated ophthalmology teaching still require further refinement; (2) Teaching content across subspecialties needs systematic reconstruction to fully aligned with the integrated teaching model; (3) Interactive teaching formats should be accurately matched to teaching objectives and knowledge types; (4) The design of teaching case needs to integrate ophthalmology professional knowledge, scientific thinking, and medical humanities connotation, while the enhancement of collaboration among teachers from different disciplines was crucial. Conclusions Constructing standardized teaching implementation paradigms, reconstructing teaching content, and adopting differentiated interactive teaching strategies are essential for advancing the reform of integrated ophthalmology teaching. Additionally, establishing a multidisciplinary collaborative mechanism for teaching case development is necessary to demonstrate the advantages of integrated teaching.
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