目的 分析临床医学硕士专业学位研究生全过程培养资料,探究其学位论文质量的影响因素。方法 2024年4至7月,收集郑州大学某附属医院2019~2020级1 275名临床医学硕士专业学位研究生的个人信息、导师信息、生源情况、学习成绩、科研概况、就业状况等方面的41个自变量,分别采用Mann-Whitney检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验和Spearman相关性系数分析变量与学位论文评分的关系,选取具有统计学意义的变量进行多元线性回归分析,识别研究生学位论文质量的影响因素。结果 在研究生个人方面,入学年龄越大(β=-0.040,P=0.031)及就读于外科学专业(β=-0.234,P=0.002)和神经病学、急诊医学、皮肤病与性病学等样本量较小的其他专业(β=-0.254,P<0.001)的硕士研究生学位论文质量较低;在导师方面,导师所带当届硕士研究生数量3~4人(β=-0.194,P=0.007)和当届硕士研究生数量>4人(β=-0.579,P<0.001)的硕士研究生学位论文质量较低;相对于未担任行政职务的导师,担任行政职务的导师(β=0.156,P=0.010)所指导的硕士研究生学位论文质量较高;在研究生培养过程方面,开题报告评分越高(β=0.065,P=0.035)的硕士研究生学位论文质量越高;在就业方面,学位论文质量较低的硕士研究生倾向去医院单位(β=-0.150,P=0.036),学位论文质量较高的硕士研究生倾向去非医院单位(β=0.185,P=0.021)以及升学(β=0.178,P=0.032)。结论 临床医学硕士专业学位研究生学位论文质量与其培养期间的各个环节密切相关。建议加强对入学年龄大、外科学专业和神经病学、急诊医学、皮肤病与性病学等其他专业硕士研究生的科研指导,关注硕士研究生未来就业意向、把控导师招生数量、重视开题报告等,有利于整体提升硕士研究生学位论文质量。

Objective To analyze the entire-process training materials of master's degree students in clinical medicine and explore factors influencing the quality of their dissertations. Methods From April to July 2024, 41 independent variables were collected for 1 275 professional-degree master's students in clinical medicine enrolled at a teaching hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University between 2019 and 2020. The variables covered personal information, supervisor information, student origin, academic performance, research experience, and employment status. Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationship between each variable and the dissertation score. Variables showing statistical significance were then entered into a multiple linear regression model to identify factors influencing the quality of the graduate dissertations. Results At the individual level, older age at enrollment (β=-0.040, P=0.031), majoring in surgery (β=-0.234, P=0.002), or in smaller-discipline majors such as neurology, emergency medicine, dermatology and venereology (β=-0.254, P<0.001) were all associated with lower-quality master's theses. At the advisor level, students supervised by advisors who were mentoring 3-4 (β=-0.194, P=0.007) or more than four (β=-0.579, P<0.001) current-year master's students produced significantly lower-quality theses, whereas advisors holding administrative positions (β=0.156, P=0.010) were linked to higher-quality theses compared with their non-administrative peers.In terms of training process, higher proposal-defense scores predicted better thesis quality (β=0.065, P=0.035). Regarding employment destinations, students with lower-quality theses were more likely to accept positions in hospitals (β=-0.150, P=0.036), whereas those with higher-quality theses preferred non-hospital units (β=0.185, P=0.021) or further study (β=0.178, P=0.032). Conclusions The quality of professional master's theses in clinical medicine is closely tied to every stage of training.Enhanced research supervision should be provided for late-entry students, those majoring in surgery, and those in smaller disciplines such as neurology, emergency medicine, dermatology and venereology. Paying attention to graduate students' future career intentions, limiting the number of advisees per supervisor, and placing greater emphasis on the thesis proposal defense are practical measures that can raise the overall quality of master's theses.