目的 分析人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)在外科学教学领域的应用现状。方法 检索1999年至2024年6月中国知网、科学引文数据库核心集等主要中英文文献数据库中有关AI技术在外科学教学领域应用的文章,基于CiteSpace软件对相应文献的发表时间,发表刊物,发表关键词和内容进行聚类探索及可视化分析。结果 AI在外科学教学领域应用的发文量在2019年之后开始增多,发表相关文献的国家主要为美国、中国、加拿大、日本、意大利、法国、英国、德国、韩国和印度,其中美国与其他国家的合作关系最多。对领域相关热频词和关键词进行分析,发现AI在机器人手术、ChatGPT、手术模拟等领域研究较多。这提示AI与外科学教学的结合将成为未来的研究方向。结论 AI技术在外科学教学领域不断得到应用和深化,在手术模拟、影像学判读、疾病亚型分类诊断中得到深入的研究。应当增强AI技术与外科学教学的合作并不断完善相关制度。
Objective To analyze the current application status of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of surgical instruction. Methods Literature on the application of AI technology in surgical instruction was retrieved in June 2024 from major Chinese and English databases such as CNKI and the Web of Science Core Collection. The search covered publications from 1999 to 2024. The CiteSpace software was employed to conduct clustering exploration and visual analysis of the publication dates, journals, keywords and content of the identified articles. Results The volume of publications on AI applications in surgical instruction began to increase significantly after 2019. The primary countries publishing related literature were the United States, China, Canada, Japan, Italy, France, the United Kingdom, Germany, South Korea, and India. Among these, the United States had the most collaborative relationships with other countries. The analysis of high-frequency words and keywords revealed that AI research focuses predominantly on areas such as robotic surgery, ChatGPT, and surgical simulation. This suggests that the integration of AI with surgical instruction will be a key future research direction. Conclusions AI technology is being increasingly applied and refined in surgical instruction, with in-depth research conducted in surgical simulation, image interpretation, and diagnosis of disease subtypes. Collaboration between AI technology and surgical instruction should be strengthened, and relevant frameworks continuously refined.
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