中华医学教育杂志

中华医学教育杂志 >

2025 , Vol. 45 >Issue 8: 582 - 587

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20240403-00346

医学教育管理

中国普通高校医学技术类专业教育规模和结构及其变化趋势分析

  • 侯建林 ,
  • 李君 ,
  • 张艺宝 ,
  • 王维民
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  • 1北京大学医学教育研究所,北京 100191;
    2北京大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理专业2022级硕士研究生,北京 100191;
    3北京大学肿瘤医院恶性肿瘤发病机制及转化研究教育部重点实验室,北京 100142;
    4北京大学医学部,北京 100191

收稿日期: 2024-04-03

  网络出版日期: 2025-07-30

基金资助

教育部哲学社会科学研究2022年度重大攻关课题(22JZDW002);北京大学研究生课程建设资助立项课题(ZC182001)

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Analysis on the scale and structure of medical technology education and their trend of change at China's regular higher educational institutions

  • Hou Jianlin ,
  • Li Jun ,
  • Zhang Yibao ,
  • Wang Weimin
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  • 1Institute of Medical Education, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
    2Master Degree Candidate, Social Medicine and Health Administration Major, Enrolled in 2022, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
    3Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Ministry of Education, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China;
    4Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China

Received date: 2024-04-03

  Online published: 2025-07-30

Supported by

Major Key Research Projects for Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education in 2022 (22JZDW002); Peking University Graduate Course Construction Funding Project (ZC182001)

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摘要

目的 分析中国普通高校医学技术教育的规模、结构和办学主体及其变化趋势。方法 2024年3月采用描述性方法统计分析2014至2022年我国开设医学技术类专业的普通高校及其学生数量、构成与分布情况。所使用的数据来源于北京大学医学教育研究所。结果 开设医学技术类专业的普通高校由389所增至551所,招生人数由8.6万人增至15.9万人,毕业生人数由5.6万人增至13.1万人。2022年,医学技术类专业专科和本科毕业生人数分别占总数的62.8%(82 501/131 303)和36.8%(48 354/131 303)。在开设医学技术类专业的普通高校中,位于东、中、西部地区院校的占比分别为40.3%(222/551)、31.8%(175/551)和27.9%(154/551),公立和民办院校的占比分别为69.3%(382/551)和30.7%(169/551)。在本科医学技术类专业中,医学检验技术、康复治疗学和医学影像技术专业招生数合计占招生总数的73.0%(37 526/51 420)。结论 我国医学技术类专业教育规模不断扩大,办学主体呈现多元化,但学历结构偏低,地区分布不平衡,医学技术人才培养尚需要做好顶层设计,加强区域均衡发展。

关键词： 院校医学教育; 医学技术教育; 规模; 结构

本文引用格式

侯建林 , 李君 , 张艺宝 , 王维民 . 中国普通高校医学技术类专业教育规模和结构及其变化趋势分析[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025 , 45(8) : 582 -587 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20240403-00346

Abstract

Objectives To study the scale and structure of medical technology education and their trends of change at China's regular higher educational institutions (RHEI). Methods Using data provided by Institute of Medical Education of Peking University, descriptive analysis were performed in March 2024 to study the number of RHEIs that operated an academic program in medical technology education, number of students majoring in medical technology as well as their composition and distribution between 2014 and 2022. Results The number of RHEIs that operated an academic program in medical technology education increased from 389 to 551, the number of enrollments from 86 000 to 159 000, the number of graduates from 56 000 to 131 000. In 2022, junior college and bachelor graduates accounted for 62.8%(82 501/131 303) and 36.8%(48 354/131 303), respectively. As to RHEIs that operated an academic program in medical technology education, those located in eastern, middle, and western China accounted for 40.3%(222/551), 31.8%(175/551) and 27.9%(154/551), respectively; public and private institutions accounted for 69.3%(382/551) and 30.7%(169/551), respectively. The number of enrollments of three bachelor programs accounted for 73.0%(37 526/51 420) of all admitted undergraduate students in this field, which were medical laboratory technology, rehabilitation therapy, and medical imaging technology. Conclusions The scale of medical technology education expanded, and educational institutions diversified. Nevertheless, some issues may be of concern, such as low structure of academic degrees and imbalance in geographic distribution. Further top-level design is needed for the cultivation of medical technology talents and regional balanced development also needs to be strengthened.

Key words： Undergraduate medical education; Medical technology education; Scale; Structure

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