叙事医学是叙事文学和医学的结合,有助于医学人文关怀的真正落地。为促进我国医学院校在校教育阶段践行叙事医学,本研究选取美国首个在医学在校教育阶段必修课程中实施叙事医学实践类项目的常春藤联盟高校——布朗大学为研究对象,系统阐述了其“我的生活故事”(my life my story,MLMS)叙事医学实践类项目。MLMS项目主要包括患者的生活故事访谈、反思性写作和团队分享汇报3部分内容,具备实施周期短,可操作性强,可以在临床前课程、选修课程和临床见习/实习中实施等特点,且实施效果得到有效验证和认可。MLMS项目的实践表明,叙事医学教育并不局限于课堂授课,通过反思性写作有助于提升医学生共情能力,医学生的独立自主能力是实践叙事医学的关键,而组建本土化叙事医学指导教师对开展叙事医学教育尤为重要。
Narrative medicine, which combines narrative literature and medicine, contributes to the effective implementation of medical humanities. To promote the practice of narrative medicine in China′s undergraduate education, this study examines Brown University, the first Ivy League university in the United States to incorporate narrative medicine into compulsory undergraduate course; and systematically analyzes its narrative medicine practice project, ″my life, my story″ (MLMS). The MLMS project consists of three main components: patient life story interviews, reflective writing and team reports. Its key features include a short implementation cycle, strong operability, and adaptability to preclinical courses, elective courses and clinical clerkships. The project′s effectiveness has been empirically validated. The MLMS project demonstrates that narrative medicine education is not confined to the classroom; medical students′ empathy can be enhanced through reflective writing; independent learning ability is a key factor in practicing narrative medicine. Additionally, training localized instructors is crucial for successfully implementing narrative medicine education in China.
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