为了解医学生死亡态度的影响因素,为医学院校开展生命教育提供依据,2024年6月至8月,以某医科大学15名在读医学生为研究对象,采用半结构化访谈法收集资料,通过柯莱兹7步资料分析法识别医学生死亡态度的影响因素。分析提炼出医学生死亡态度影响因素,即具身因素、情境因素、互动因素。具身因素包括自觉身心健康状况、自我控制能力、积极心理情绪;情境因素包括传统文化、校园文化氛围、网络媒介环境、个体周围朋友或亲人离世的经历;互动因素包括学校内师生互动、个体与家庭互动、个体与同伴互动。医学生死亡态度受多重复杂因素影响,高等医学院校应当关注医学生实际需求,将优秀传统文化融入生命教育课程,营造良好校园文化氛围,鼓励医学生参与生命相关的学术活动。
To scientifically identify factors influencing death attitudes of medical students, and provide a basis for further carrying out life education for medical students in medical universities. From June to August 2024, 15 medical students enrolled in a medical university were used to collect data using semi-structured interviews to diagnose and identify the factors influencing medical students′ attitudes towards death through the phenomenological Colaizzi′s 7-step data analysis method. The analysis and extracted the influencing factors of medical students′ death attitudes include three main genera, embodied factors, situational factors, and interaction factors. Embodied factors include self-conscious physical and mental health, self-control, and positive psychological emotions. Situational factors include traditional culture, campus cultural atmosphere, online media environment, the experience of the death of friends or relatives around the individual. Interaction factors include teacher-student interaction within the school, individual-family interaction, and individual-peer interaction. The death attitude of medical students is formed by multiple and complex factors. Higher medical schools should pay attention to the actual needs of medical students, integrate excellent traditional culture into life education programs, create a good campus cultural atmosphere, and encourage medical students to participate in life-related academic activities.
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