中华医学教育杂志

中华医学教育杂志 >

2025 , Vol. 45 >Issue 4: 264 - 271

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20250131-00107

医学模拟教育

原位模拟在医学教育中应用的现状、方法与展望

  • 葛炯杉 ,
  • 史迪 ,
  • 刘继海
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  • 中国医学科学院北京协和医院急诊科 疑难重症及罕见病国家重点实验室,北京 100730

收稿日期: 2025-01-31

  网络出版日期: 2025-03-31

基金资助

国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划教育学一般课题(BLA210212)

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Current status, methods, and prospects of in situ simulation in medical education

  • Ge Jiongshan ,
  • Shi Di ,
  • Liu Jihai
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  • Emergency Department & State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China

Received date: 2025-01-31

  Online published: 2025-03-31

Supported by

National Social Science Fund "14th Five-Year Plan" General Project in Education (BLA210212)

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摘要

原位模拟作为一种在真实临床环境中进行的模拟培训方法,近年来广泛应用于医学教育中,它与传统中心模拟培训既有相同点,又有很大差别。本文综述了国内外原位模拟的研究现状,探讨原位模拟在非技术性技能提升、系统/流程测试和发现潜在医疗安全隐患等方面的应用价值,分析了我国在原位模拟发展方面与国外的差距。为帮助模拟教师更好地开展教学和评价,本文系统梳理了原位模拟从需求分析到教学实践的全流程实施路径;重点对比了原位模拟与中心模拟的差异,并提出合理化开展的建议;探讨了原位模拟在课程建设和资源整合、新技术应用、评价体系建设和医学伦理及患者安全等方面的挑战,并提出相应的解决对策。希望原位模拟可以更多地在我国医学教育中被应用,在医学专业人才培养和有效提高医疗质量方面发挥更大的作用。

关键词： 教育,医学; 原位模拟; 非技术技能; 患者安全

本文引用格式

葛炯杉 , 史迪 , 刘继海 . 原位模拟在医学教育中应用的现状、方法与展望[J]. 中华医学教育杂志, 2025 , 45(4) : 264 -271 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115259-20250131-00107

Abstract

In situ simulation, a form of simulation training conducted within actual clinical settings, has gained considerable traction in medical education in recent years. While it bears similarities to traditional center-based simulation training, it also presents distinct differences. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current research landscape regarding in-situ simulation, both domestically and internationally, examining its value in enhancing non-technical skills, evaluating systems and processes, and identifying potential medical safety risks. Additionally, it highlights the existing gaps in the development of in-situ simulation between China and abroad. To support simulation educators in optimizing their teaching and assessment practices, this article systematically delineates the entire implementation process of in-situ simulation, from needs analysis to instructional execution. A comparative analysis of in-situ simulation and center-based simulation is presented, along with recommendations for its judicious implementation. Furthermore, the article addresses the challenges encountered by in-situ simulation in various domains, including curriculum development, resource integration, the application of emerging technologies, the establishment of evaluation systems, medical ethics, and patient safety, while proposing viable solutions. It is the authors' aspiration that in-situ simulation will see broader application in medical education across China, thereby enhancing the training of healthcare professionals and significantly improving the quality of healthcare delivery.

Key words： Education, medical; In-situ simulation; Non-technical skills; Patient safety

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