目的 分析全科医学博士专业学位研究生导师队伍与招生情况,为全科医学教育改革与学科发展提供参考。方法 2023年12月至2024年6月,通过中国学位与研究生教育信息网和招生院校的官方网站信息,收集并整理2021至2023年23所招收全科医学博士专业学位研究生的院校数据,对招生规模、院校和导师的分布进行描述性统计分析。结果 23所院校共有全科医学博士研究生导师78名,其中,男性导师占比56.4%(44/78);45~59岁导师占比56.4%(44/78);博士研究生学历的导师占比84.6%(66/78);正高级职称的导师占比92.3%(72/78);西南和华东地区的导师数量较多,占比均为21.8%(17/78)。在招生方面,2021至2023年共招生100人,西南与华南地区院校的校均招生人数较多,均为7人,西北地区院校招生规模最小(1.7人);导师招生(研究)方向以公共卫生与预防医学、内分泌与代谢、心血管病学等专科方向为主,但总体较为分散。结论 全科医学博士专业学位研究生的招生院校数量少,招生规模小,区域发展不协调,师资队伍较为薄弱。建议从国家、院校层面加强顶层设计,完善国家相关政策、鼓励已有招生资格的院校招生(尤其是鼓励“双一流”建设高校发挥标杆作用),优化导师队伍结构与人才资源配置,规范全科医学博士专业学位研究生导师研究方向。

Objective To conduct an in-depth analysis of the faculty and enrollment situation for doctoral students in general practice, and to inform the development of the discipline of general practice. Methods A combination of website research and data analysis, surveys were utilized to collect and organize information on doctoral supervisors in general practice from 23 sample institutions that enrolled doctoral students in this field from 2021 to 2023. Descriptive statistics were used to present the number, structure, distribution, enrollment numbers, and directions of enrollment of the doctoral supervisors in general practice. Results The 23 sampled institutions have a total of 78 doctoral supervisors in general practice. In terms of gender, males account for 56.4% (44/78). In terms of age, supervisors aged 45-59 account for 56.4% (44/78). In terms of educational background, 84.6% (66/78) supervisors have a doctoral degree. In terms of professional titles, supervisors with senior professional titles, account for 92.3% (72/78). In terms of regional distribution, the numbers of supervisors were highest in the Southwest and East China regions, each accounting for 21.8% (17/78). A total of 100 doctoral students were enrolled from 2021 to 2023. The average number of students enrolled per institution was predominant in the Southwest and South China regions, with an average of 7 students each. The enrollment scale in the northwest region was the smallest (1.7). In terms of supervisors′ enrollment (research) directions, they were quite scattered, predominantly focusing on specialized fields such as public health, endocrinology and metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions Several issues are identified in this study, such as the limited number of institutions enrolling doctoral students in general practice, the small scale of enrollment, the uncoordinated regional development, and the weak faculty team. In response to these, it is recommended to strengthen top-level design at the national and university levels, improve relevant national policies, encourage institutions with enrollment qualifications to recruit students (especially encouraging leading universities to play an exemplary role), optimize the structure of the faculty team and the allocation of talent resources, and standardize the research directions of supervisors in general practice.