目的 了解住院医师对人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)应用的看法、使用模式和潜在影响的态度。方法 采用问卷调查方法,使用自编问卷于2024年9至10月对中山大学附属第一医院168名住院医师进行AI认知和态度调查,并对调查结果进行描述性统计分析和χ2检验。结果 109名(64.9%)住院医师表示愿意使用AI辅助学习和考试准备。70名(41.7%)住院医师认为ChatGPT能够有效满足其需求,112名(66.7%)住院医师认为AI生成的答案仍需进一步验证。在伦理问题和医学教育中AI使用政策的制定方面,93名(55.4%)住院医师支持制定相关指导方针。此外,96名(57.1%)住院医师认为AI将在改善患者护理质量方面对其职业生涯产生深远影响。168名住院医师中有74名男性和94名女性,性别差异分析显示,男性住院医师比女性住院医师更倾向于使用AI探索新的医学主题或进行研究[37名(50.0%)比25名(26.6%)],并更倾向于使用AI协助撰写学术论文[44名(59.5%)比37名(39.4%)],其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 住院医师普遍对AI在医学学习和研究中的潜力持积极态度,但也对AI的准确性和伦理问题提出了关注。性别差异可能影响住院医师对AI技术在医学领域中的推广与应用。未来的医学教育和住院医师培训项目应当考虑制定相关政策,促进AI技术的合理应用。
Objective To investigate the views, usage patterns, and attitudes towards potential impact of resident physicians toward artificial intelligence (AI) tools. Methods This study used a questionnaire survey method to investigate 168 residents′ perception and attitudes towards AI in the 2024 residency training program at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, and the survey results were analyzed through descriptive statistics and χ2 test. Results Totally 109 (64.9%) residents expressed willingness to use AI for learning and exam preparation, 70 (41.7%) residents believed that ChatGPT could effectively meet their needs, while 112 (66.7%) believed that AI-generated answers still required further validation. Regarding ethical issues and the development of policies for AI use in medical education, 93(55.4%) residents supported the establishment of relevant guidelines. Additionally, 96(57.1%) residents believed that AI would have a profound impact on their careers in terms of improving patient care quality. Among the 168 residents, there were 74 males and 94 females. Gender difference analysis showed that male respondents were more likely than female respondents to use AI to explore new medical topics or conduct research [37(50.0%) vs. 25(26.6%)] and were more inclined to use AI to assist in writing academic papers [44(59.5%) vs. 37(39.4%)], both P<0.05. Conclusions Medical residents show a positive outlook on AI′s potential to enhance medical education and patient care, though there are concerns regarding its accuracy, ethical implications, and the need for formal guidelines. Gender differences may influence residents′ views on the promotion and application of AI technologies in the medical field. Future research should address these concerns and explore how AI can be effectively integrated into residency training.
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